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Exome sequencing in multiple sclerosis families identifies 12 candidate genes and nominates biological pathways for the genesis of disease.

PLoS genetics | 2019

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system characterized by myelin loss and neuronal dysfunction. Although the majority of patients do not present familial aggregation, Mendelian forms have been described. We performed whole-exome sequencing analysis in 132 patients from 34 multi-incident families, which nominated likely pathogenic variants for MS in 12 genes of the innate immune system that regulate the transcription and activation of inflammatory mediators. Rare missense or nonsense variants were identified in genes of the fibrinolysis and complement pathways (PLAU, MASP1, C2), inflammasome assembly (NLRP12), Wnt signaling (UBR2, CTNNA3, NFATC2, RNF213), nuclear receptor complexes (NCOA3), and cation channels and exchangers (KCNG4, SLC24A6, SLC8B1). These genes suggest a disruption of interconnected immunological and pro-inflammatory pathways as the initial event in the pathophysiology of familial MS, and provide the molecular and biological rationale for the chronic inflammation, demyelination and neurodegeneration observed in MS patients.

Pubmed ID: 31170158 RIS Download

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


ExAc (tool)

RRID:SCR_004068

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on January 9, 2023. An aggregated data platform for genome sequencing data created by a coalition of investigators seeking to aggregate and harmonize exome sequencing data from a variety of large-scale sequencing projects, and to make summary data available for the wider scientific community. The data set provided on this website spans 61,486 unrelated individuals sequenced as part of various disease-specific and population genetic studies. They have removed individuals affected by severe pediatric disease, so this data set should serve as a useful reference set of allele frequencies for severe disease studies. All of the raw data from these projects have been reprocessed through the same pipeline, and jointly variant-called to increase consistency across projects. They ask that you not publish global (genome-wide) analyses of these data until after the ExAC flagship paper has been published, estimated to be in early 2015. If you''re uncertain which category your analyses fall into, please email them. The aggregation and release of summary data from the exomes collected by the Exome Aggregation Consortium has been approved by the Partners IRB (protocol 2013P001477, Genomic approaches to gene discovery in rare neuromuscular diseases).

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Centre dEtude du Polymorphisme Humain (tool)

RRID:SCR_008026

The Centre d''Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) is a research laboratory, the main activities of which are the setting up, storage, processing and distribution of DNA collections for the identification of genetic factors conferring susceptibility to complex disorders. These collections are established in partnership and full collaboration with external French or international research groups. The Foundation currently hosts the CEPH reference panel, the HGDP panel (Human genome Diversity Cell Line Panel) and several collections amounting mid-2008 to more than 250 000 samples. The goal of CEPH is to understand complex multifactorial disorders necessitates the establishment of structures facilitating access to large and integrated collection of individuals, characterized by a large number of variables emanating from different technologies and platforms. To achieve this goal, CEPH facilitates the setting up of integrated analyses combining clinical, genetic and environmental data, for the identification of susceptibility factors to complex multifactorial disorders Additionally, CEHP allows the reception, storage, processing and distribution of biological sample collections. At the same time, it promotes and participates in the design and setting up of genetic studies: - in partnership and full collaboration with external research groups - giving access to a large number of variables - in a sufficient number of subjects - allowing large scale integrated analyses

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Thermo Fisher Scientific (tool)

RRID:SCR_008452

Commercial vendor and service provider of laboratory reagents and antibodies. Supplier of scientific instrumentation, reagents and consumables, and software services.

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ANNOVAR (tool)

RRID:SCR_012821

An efficient software tool to utilize update-to-date information to functionally annotate genetic variants detected from diverse genomes (including human genome hg18, hg19, as well as mouse, worm, fly, yeast and many others). Given a list of variants with chromosome, start position, end position, reference nucleotide and observed nucleotides, ANNOVAR can perform: 1. gene-based annotation. 2. region-based annotation. 3. filter-based annotation. 4. other functionalities. (entry from Genetic Analysis Software)

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Quantity One 1-D Analysis Software (tool)

RRID:SCR_014280

Software used for Bio-Rad imaging systems to acquire, quantitate, and analyze a variety of data. The software allows automatic configuration of imaging systems with appropriate filters, lasers, LEDs, and other illumination sources. It also contains tools for automated analysis of tests and assays such as 1-D electrophoretic gels, western blots, and colony counts.

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GeneMapper (tool)

RRID:SCR_014290

Genotyping software package that provides DNA sizing and quality allele calls for all Applied Biosystems electrophoresis-based genotyping systems. GeneMapper specializes in multiapplication functionality, including amplified fragment length polymorphism, loss of heterozygosity, microsatellite, and SNP genotyping analysis. The software provides remote auto-analysis and command line operation, and allows for multiuser, client-server deployment.

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HEK293 (tool)

RRID:CVCL_0045

Cell line HEK293 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)

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iNOS Rabbit Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2687529

This monoclonal targets iNOS

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caspase-1 (14F468) (antibody)

RRID:AB_781816

This monoclonal targets caspase-1 (14F468)

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