Tetraspanins comprise a diverse family of four-pass transmembrane proteins that play critical roles in the immune, reproductive, genitourinary, and auditory systems. Despite their pervasive roles in human physiology, little is known about the structure of tetraspanins or the molecular mechanisms underlying their various functions. Here, we report the crystal structure of human CD81, a full-length tetraspanin. The transmembrane segments of CD81 pack as two largely separated pairs of helices, capped by the large extracellular loop (EC2) at the outer membrane leaflet. The two pairs of helices converge at the inner leaflet to create an intramembrane pocket with additional electron density corresponding to a bound cholesterol molecule within the cavity. Molecular dynamics simulations identify an additional conformation in which EC2 separates substantially from the transmembrane domain. Cholesterol binding appears to modulate CD81 activity in cells, suggesting a potential mechanism for regulation of tetraspanin function.
Pubmed ID: 27881302 RIS Download
Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.
This unknown targets ANTI-FLAG(R) M2 Affinity Gel
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD81
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD19
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsComputing resources structural biologists need to discover the shapes of the molecules of life, it provides access to web-enabled structural biology applications, data sharing facilities, biological data sets, and other resources valuable to the computational structural biology community. Consortium includes X-ray crystallography, NMR and electron microscopy laboratories worldwide.SBGrid Service Center is located at Harvard Medical School.SBGrid's NIH-compliant Service Center supports SBGrid operations and provides members with access to Software Maintenance, Computing Access, and Training. Consortium benefits include: * remote management of your customized collection of structural biology applications on Linux and Mac workstations; * access to commercial applications exclusively licensed to members of the Consortium, such as NMRPipe, Schrodinger Suite (limited tokens) and the Incentive version of Pymol; remote management of supporting scientific applications (e.g., bioinformatics, computational chemistry and utilities); * access to SBGrid seminars and events; and * advice about hardware configurations, operating system installations and high performance computing. Membership is restricted to academic/non-profit research laboratories that use X-ray crystallography, 2D crystallography, NMR, EM, tomography and other experimental structural biology technologies in their research. Most new members are fully integrated with SBGrid within 2 weeks of the initial application.
View all literature mentionsSoftware used for collecting and analyzing flow cytometry data. Files can be exported in FCS 3.1 format for import into other flow cytometry analysis programs such as FCS Express™ software and FlowJo™ software.
View all literature mentionsA Python-based software suite for the automated determination of molecular structures using X-ray crystallography and other methods. Phenix includes programs for assessing data quality, experimental phasing, molecular replacement, model building, structure refinement, and validation. It also includes tools for reflection data and creating maps and models. Phenix can also be used for neutron crystallography. Tutorials and examples are available in the documentation tab.
View all literature mentionsA user-sponsored molecular visualization software system on an open-source foundation. The software has the capabilities to view, render, animate, export, present and develop three dimensional molecular structures.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for macromolecular model building, model completion and validation, and protein modelling using X-ray data. Coot displays maps and models and allows model manipulations such as idealization, rigid-body fitting, ligand search, Ramachandran plots, non-crystallographic symmetry and more. Source code is available.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package of molecular simulation programs. It is distributed into AmberTools15 and Amber14. AmberTools15 is a software package which can carry out complete molecular dynamics simulations with either explicit water or generalized Born solvent models. It is distributed in source code format and must be compiled in order to be used. Amber14 builds on AmberTools15 by adding the pmemd program, which provides better performance on multiple CPUs and dramatic speed improvements on GPUs compared to sander (molecular dynamics). GPU info, manuals, and tutorials are available on the website.
View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentions