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Small RNAs play important roles in early embryonic development. However, their expression dynamics and modifications are poorly understood because of the scarcity of RNA that is obtainable for sequencing analysis. Using an improved deep sequencing method that requires as little as 10 ng of total RNA or 50 oocytes, we profile small RNAs in mouse oocytes and early embryos. We find that microRNA (miRNA) expression starts soon after fertilization, and the mature miRNAs carried into the zygote by sperm during fertilization are relatively rare compared to the oocyte miRNAs. Intriguingly, the zygotic miRNAs display a marked increase in 3' mono- and oligoadenylation in one- to two-cell embryos, which may protect the miRNAs from the massive degradation taking place during that time. Moreover, bioinformatics analyses show that the function of miRNA is suppressed from the oocyte to the two-cell stage and appears to be reactivated after the two-cell stage to regulate genes important in embryonic development. Our study thus provides a highly sensitive profiling method and valuable data sets for further examination of small RNAs in early embryos.
Pubmed ID: 27500274 RIS Download
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Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.
View all literature mentionsCentral online repository for microRNA nomenclature, sequence data, annotation and target prediction.Collection of published miRNA sequences and annotation.
View all literature mentionsA web analysis system and resource, which provides comprehensive information on piRNAs in the widely studied mammals. It compiles all the possible clusters of piRNAs and also depicts piRNAs along with the associated genomic elements like genes and repeats on a genome wide map. piRNABank mainly provides data onnamely Human, Mouse, Rat, Zebrafish, Platypus and a fruit fly, Drosophila.Search options have been designed to query and obtain useful data from this online resource. It also facilitates abstraction of sequences and structural features from piRNA data. piRNABank provides the following features: * Simple search * Search piRNA clusters * Search homologous piRNAs * piRNA visualization map * Analysis tools
View all literature mentionsA division of Applied Biosystems selling products for the isolation, detection, quantification, amplification, and characterization of RNA.
View all literature mentionsIntegrated database resource consisting of 16 main databases, broadly categorized into systems information, genomic information, and chemical information. In particular, gene catalogs in completely sequenced genomes are linked to higher-level systemic functions of cell, organism, and ecosystem. Analysis tools are also available. KEGG may be used as reference knowledge base for biological interpretation of large-scale datasets generated by sequencing and other high-throughput experimental technologies.
View all literature mentionsWeb tool to predict biological targets of miRNAs by searching for presence of conserved 8mer, 7mer and 6mer sites that match seed region of each miRNA. Nonconserved sites are also predicted and sites with mismatches in seed region that are compensated by conserved 3' pairing. Used to search for predicted microRNA targets in mammals.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name FVB/NJ from IMSR.
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