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Although coral reefs support the largest concentrations of marine biodiversity worldwide, the extent to which the global system of marine-protected areas (MPAs) represents individual species and the breadth of evolutionary history across the Tree of Life has never been quantified. Here we show that only 5.7% of scleractinian coral species and 21.7% of labrid fish species reach the minimum protection target of 10% of their geographic ranges within MPAs. We also estimate that the current global MPA system secures only 1.7% of the Tree of Life for corals, and 17.6% for fishes. Regionally, the Atlantic and Eastern Pacific show the greatest deficit of protection for corals while for fishes this deficit is located primarily in the Western Indian Ocean and in the Central Pacific. Our results call for a global coordinated expansion of current conservation efforts to fully secure the Tree of Life on coral reefs.
Pubmed ID: 26756609 RIS Download
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A global species database and encyclopedia of over 32,800 species and subspecies of fishes that is searchable by common name, genus, species, geography, family, ecosystem, references literature, tools, etc. It links to other, related databases such as the Catalog of Fishes, GenBack, and LarvalBase. It is associated with a partner journal, Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria. It is available in English, Greek, Spanish, Portuguese, French, Dutch, Italian, and German. Photo and video submissions are welcome. FishBase 2004 is also available on DVD or CD-ROMs with full information on 28,500 species. It comes together with the FishBase 2000 book and can be ordered for 95 US$ including air-mail.
View all literature mentionsA cross-platform software program for Bayesian MCMC analysis of molecular sequences. It is entirely orientated towards rooted, time-measured phylogenies inferred using strict or relaxed molecular clock models. It can be used as a method of reconstructing phylogenies but is also a framework for testing evolutionary hypotheses without conditioning on a single tree topology. BEAST uses MCMC to average over tree space, so that each tree is weighted proportional to its posterior probability. We include a simple to use user-interface program for setting up standard analyses and a suit of programs for analysing the results.
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