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Cohesion between sister chromatids, mediated by the chromosomal cohesin complex, is a prerequisite for faithful chromosome segregation in mitosis. Cohesin also has vital roles in DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. The ring-shaped cohesin complex is thought to encircle sister DNA strands, but its molecular mechanism of action is poorly understood and the biochemical reconstitution of cohesin activity in vitro has remained an unattained goal. Here we reconstitute cohesin loading onto DNA using purified fission yeast cohesin and its loader complex, Mis4(Scc2)-Ssl3(Scc4) (Schizosaccharomyces pombe gene names appear throughout with their more commonly known Saccharomyces cerevisiae counterparts added in superscript). Incubation of cohesin with DNA leads to spontaneous topological loading, but this remains inefficient. The loader contacts cohesin at multiple sites around the ring circumference, including the hitherto enigmatic Psc3(Scc3) subunit, and stimulates cohesin's ATPase, resulting in efficient topological loading. The in vitro reconstitution of cohesin loading onto DNA provides mechanistic insight into the initial steps of the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion and other chromosomal processes mediated by cohesin.
Pubmed ID: 24291789 RIS Download
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Clinical trial under the Urinary Incontinence Treatment Network to compare the treatment success for two surgical procedures that are frequently used and have similar cure rates, yet have not been compared directly to each other in a large, rigorously conducted randomized trial. The secondary aims of the trial are to compare other outcomes for the two surgical procedures, including quality of life, sexual function, satisfaction with treatment outcomes, complications, and need for other treatment(s) after surgery. Follow-up will be a minimum of two years and up to four years.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for automatic general image analysis. It provides fully automatic analysis of 1-D gels including lane creation, background subtraction, band detection, molecular weight calibration, quantity calibration, and normalization. Editing tools are provided for cropping, rotating, and filtering images.
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