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Noise-exposure at levels low enough to avoid a permanent threshold shift has been found to cause a massive, delayed degeneration of spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) in mouse cochleae. Damage to the afferent innervation was initiated by a loss of synaptic ribbons, which is largely irreversible in mice. A similar delayed loss of SGNs has been found in guinea pig cochleae, but at a reduced level, suggesting a cross-species difference in SGN sensitivity to noise. Ribbon synapse damage occurs "silently" in that it does not affect hearing thresholds as conventionally measured, and the functional consequence of this damage is not clear. In the present study, we further explored the effect of noise on cochlear afferent innervation in guinea pigs by focusing on the dynamic changes in ribbon counts over time, and resultant changes in temporal processing. It was found that (1) contrary to reports in mice, the initial loss of ribbons largely recovered within a month after the noise exposure, although a significant amount of residual damage existed; (2) while the response threshold fully recovered in a month, the temporal processing continued to be deteriorated during this period.
Pubmed ID: 23185359 RIS Download
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The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) is the Government of Canada''s agency responsible for funding health research in Canada. CIHR was created in 2000 under the authority of the CIHR Act and reports to Parliament through the Minister of Health. CIHR''s budget for 2008-09 is $928.6 million, of which $132 million is allocated to administering the Networks of Centres of Excellence and Canada Research Chair programs. CIHR was created to transform health research in Canada by: * funding more research on targeted priority areas; * building research capacity in under-developed areas such as population health and health services research; * training the next generation of health researchers; and * focusing on knowledge translation, so that the results of research are transformed into policies, practices, procedures, products and services. CIHR consists of 13 virtual institutes, a structure that is unique in the world. These innovative institutes bring together all partners in the research process - the people who fund research, those who carry it out and those who use its results - to share ideas and focus on what Canadians need: good health and the means to prevent disease and fight it when it happens. Each institute supports a broad spectrum of research in its topic areas and, in consultation with its stakeholders, sets priorities for research in those areas.
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