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Candida species are the most common cause of opportunistic fungal infection worldwide. Here we report the genome sequences of six Candida species and compare these and related pathogens and non-pathogens. There are significant expansions of cell wall, secreted and transporter gene families in pathogenic species, suggesting adaptations associated with virulence. Large genomic tracts are homozygous in three diploid species, possibly resulting from recent recombination events. Surprisingly, key components of the mating and meiosis pathways are missing from several species. These include major differences at the mating-type loci (MTL); Lodderomyces elongisporus lacks MTL, and components of the a1/2 cell identity determinant were lost in other species, raising questions about how mating and cell types are controlled. Analysis of the CUG leucine-to-serine genetic-code change reveals that 99% of ancestral CUG codons were erased and new ones arose elsewhere. Lastly, we revise the Candida albicans gene catalogue, identifying many new genes.
Pubmed ID: 19465905 RIS Download
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Database of genetic and molecular biological information about Candida albicans. Contains information about genes and proteins, descriptions and classifications of their biological roles, molecular functions, and subcellular localizations, gene, protein, and chromosome sequence information, tools for analysis and comparison of sequences and links to literature information. Each CGD gene or open reading frame has an individual Locus Page. Genetic loci that are not tied to DNA sequence also have Locus Pages. Provides Gene Ontology, GO, to all its users. Three ontologies that comprise GO (Molecular Function, Cellular Component, and Biological Process) are used by multiple databases to annotate gene products, so that this common vocabulary can be used to compare gene products across species. Development of ontologies is ongoing in order to incorporate new information. Data submissions are welcome.
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