Synergistic hyperactivation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 underlies the neural abnormalities of PTEN-deficient human neurons and cortical organoids.
Mutations in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene are associated with severe neurodevelopmental disorders. Loss of PTEN leads to hyperactivation of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), which functions in two distinct protein complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. The downstream signaling mechanisms that contribute to PTEN mutant phenotypes are not well delineated. Here, we show that pluripotent stem cell-derived PTEN mutant human neurons, neural precursors, and cortical organoids recapitulate disease-relevant phenotypes, including hypertrophy, electrical hyperactivity, enhanced proliferation, and structural overgrowth. PTEN loss leads to simultaneous hyperactivation of mTORC1 and mTORC2. We dissect the contribution of mTORC1 and mTORC2 by generating double mutants of PTEN and RPTOR or RICTOR, respectively. Our results reveal that the synergistic hyperactivation of both mTORC1 and mTORC2 is essential for the PTEN mutant human neural phenotypes. Together, our findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that underlie PTEN-related neural disorders and highlight novel therapeutic targets.
Pubmed ID: 38700984
Research resources used in this publication
- Neural Module (RRID:SCR_019270) (software resource)
- AxIS (RRID:SCR_016308) (software resource)
- Image Lab Software (RRID:SCR_014210) (software resource)
- Microsoft Excel (RRID:SCR_016137) (software resource)
- Biorender (RRID:SCR_018361) (web application)
- GraphPad Prism (RRID:SCR_002798) (software resource)
- Black Zen software (RRID:SCR_018163) (software resource)
- ImageJ (RRID:SCR_003070) (software resource)
- WA01 (RRID:CVCL_9771) (cell line)
- WIBR3 (RRID:CVCL_9767) (cell line)
- Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (RRID:AB_141607) (antibody)
- Biorender (RRID:SCR_018361) (web application)
- Image Lab Software (RRID:SCR_014210) (software resource)
- Black Zen software (RRID:SCR_018163) (software resource)
- Neural Module (RRID:SCR_019270) (software resource)
- AxIS (RRID:SCR_016308) (software resource)
- Microsoft Excel (RRID:SCR_016137) (software resource)
- GraphPad Prism (RRID:SCR_002798) (software resource)
- ImageJ (RRID:SCR_003070) (software resource)
- Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Polyclonal Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 647 Conjugated (RRID:AB_162542) (antibody)
- WA01 (RRID:CVCL_9771) (cell line)
- WIBR3 (RRID:CVCL_9767) (cell line)
- Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (RRID:AB_2535789) (antibody)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (RRID:AB_2921070) (antibody)
- Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 594 Conjugated (RRID:AB_141637) (antibody)
- Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (RRID:AB_2536183) (antibody)
- Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 488 Conjugated (RRID:AB_2535792) (antibody)
- Rabbit anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228385) (antibody)
- Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228341) (antibody)
- Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228307) (antibody)
- Anti-PKC alpha (phospho S657) antibody [EPR1901(2)] (RRID:AB_2783796) (antibody)
- PKC Alpha antibody (RRID:AB_2878965) (antibody)
- Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481) Antibody (RRID:AB_3085338) (antibody)
- Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_10694233) (antibody)
- Rabbit Anti-S6 Ribosomal Protein Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 5G10 (RRID:AB_331355) (antibody)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (RRID:AB_2921073) (antibody)
- Raptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_561245) (antibody)
- Rictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2179963) (antibody)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (RRID:AB_2921074) (antibody)
- Rabbit Anti-PTEN Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 138G6 (RRID:AB_390810) (antibody)
- mTOR (7C10) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2105622) (antibody)
- Phospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_331168) (antibody)
- Nanog (D73G4) XP Rabbit Antibody (RRID:AB_10559205) (antibody)
- Akt Antibody (RRID:AB_329827) (antibody)
- Sox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2195767) (antibody)
- Monoclonal Anti-β-Actin antibody produced in mouse (RRID:AB_476697) (antibody)
- Mouse Ki-67 Antigen (RRID:AB_2250503) (antibody)
- Goat Polyclonal Antibody to MAP2 (RRID:AB_2737286) (antibody)
- Doublecortin/DCX Antibody (E-6) Alexa Fluor® 488 (RRID:AB_3073697) (antibody)
Additional research tools detected in this publication
None foundAntibodies used in this publication
- Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (RRID:AB_141607)
- Donkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Polyclonal Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 647 Conjugated (RRID:AB_162542)
- Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (RRID:AB_2535789)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (RRID:AB_2921070)
- Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 594 Conjugated (RRID:AB_141637)
- Donkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (RRID:AB_2536183)
- Rabbit anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228385)
- Donkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 488 Conjugated (RRID:AB_2535792)
- Goat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228341)
- Goat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (RRID:AB_228307)
- Anti-PKC alpha (phospho S657) antibody [EPR1901(2)] (RRID:AB_2783796)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (RRID:AB_2921073)
- Donkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (RRID:AB_2921074)
- PKC Alpha antibody (RRID:AB_2878965)
- Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481) Antibody (RRID:AB_3085338)
- Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_10694233)
- Rabbit Anti-S6 Ribosomal Protein Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 5G10 (RRID:AB_331355)
- Phospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_331168)
- Raptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_561245)
- Rictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2179963)
- Rabbit Anti-PTEN Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 138G6 (RRID:AB_390810)
- mTOR (7C10) Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2105622)
- Nanog (D73G4) XP Rabbit Antibody (RRID:AB_10559205)
- Goat Polyclonal Antibody to MAP2 (RRID:AB_2737286)
- Mouse Ki-67 Antigen (RRID:AB_2250503)
- Doublecortin/DCX Antibody (E-6) Alexa Fluor® 488 (RRID:AB_3073697)
- Akt Antibody (RRID:AB_329827)
- Monoclonal Anti-β-Actin antibody produced in mouse (RRID:AB_476697)
- Sox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (RRID:AB_2195767)
Associated grants
NonePublication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.
This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.
Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_141607
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Polyclonal Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 647 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_162542
This polyclonal targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2535789
This polyclonal secondary targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921070
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 594 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_141637
This unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2536183
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsRabbit anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228385
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 488 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_2535792
This unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsGoat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228341
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsGoat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228307
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsAnti-PKC alpha (phospho S657) antibody [EPR1901(2)] (antibody)
RRID:AB_2783796
This monoclonal targets PKC alpha
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921073
This polyclonal secondary targets Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921074
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsPKC Alpha antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_2878965
This polyclonal targets PKC Alpha
View all literature mentionsPhospho-mTOR (Ser2481) Antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_3085338
This polyclonal targets Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481)
View all literature mentionsPhospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_10694233
This monoclonal targets Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRabbit Anti-S6 Ribosomal Protein Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 5G10 (antibody)
RRID:AB_331355
This monoclonal targets S6 Ribosomal Protein
View all literature mentionsPhospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_331168
This monoclonal targets Phospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRaptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_561245
This monoclonal targets Raptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2179963
This monoclonal targets Rictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRabbit Anti-PTEN Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 138G6 (antibody)
RRID:AB_390810
This monoclonal targets PTEN
View all literature mentionsmTOR (7C10) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2105622
This monoclonal targets mTOR
View all literature mentionsNanog (D73G4) XP Rabbit Antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_10559205
This monoclonal targets Nanog
View all literature mentionsGoat Polyclonal Antibody to MAP2 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2737286
This polyclonal targets MAP2, large isoforms, MAP2A, MAP2B
View all literature mentionsMouse Ki-67 Antigen (antibody)
RRID:AB_2250503
This monoclonal targets Mki67
View all literature mentionsDoublecortin/DCX Antibody (E-6) Alexa Fluor® 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_3073697
This monoclonal targets Doublecortin/DCX
View all literature mentionsMonoclonal Anti-β-Actin antibody produced in mouse (antibody)
RRID:AB_476697
This monoclonal targets β-Actin
View all literature mentionsSox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2195767
This monoclonal targets Sox2
View all literature mentionsNeural Module (software resource)
RRID:SCR_019270
Neural Module by Axion BioSystems Inc, provides simplified approach to set up, execution and analysis of neural experiments. Enables Maestro Pro and Edge to record and analyze key parameters of neural network function, including activity, synchrony, and network oscillations.
View all literature mentionsAxIS (software resource)
RRID:SCR_016308
Software for multi electrode array recording for Axion Biosystems. Used in enhancing cardiac and neural analysis through data processing and signal monitoring.
View all literature mentionsImage Lab Software (software resource)
RRID:SCR_014210
Imaging software used to acquire and analyze images from specific Bio-Rad imaging systems. Users can analyze gel or blot features, capture optimized image data, and generate a report of the data. Image Lab software exclusively runs on the Gel Doc EZ imager, Gel Doc XR+ imaging system, ChemiDo MP, ChemiDoc XRS+ imaging systems, Criterion Stain Free imager, and the GS-900calibrated densitometer.
View all literature mentionsMicrosoft Excel (software resource)
RRID:SCR_016137
Software application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.
View all literature mentionsBiorender (web application)
RRID:SCR_018361
Web tool for graphical illustrations for biological systems by BioRender. Used for articles and presentations. Collection of pre made icons and templates from life science fields for scientific illustrations. Customized icons possible on request.
View all literature mentionsGraphPad Prism (software resource)
RRID:SCR_002798
Statistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsBlack Zen software (software resource)
RRID:SCR_018163
Software used to analyze images obtained from microscope. ZEN Black is software Zeiss uses to run their laser-based instruments.
View all literature mentionsImageJ (software resource)
RRID:SCR_003070
Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsWA01 (cell line)
RRID:CVCL_9771
Cell line WA01 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsWIBR3 (cell line)
RRID:CVCL_9767
Cell line WIBR3 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_141607
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsBiorender (web application)
RRID:SCR_018361
Web tool for graphical illustrations for biological systems by BioRender. Used for articles and presentations. Collection of pre made icons and templates from life science fields for scientific illustrations. Customized icons possible on request.
View all literature mentionsImage Lab Software (software resource)
RRID:SCR_014210
Imaging software used to acquire and analyze images from specific Bio-Rad imaging systems. Users can analyze gel or blot features, capture optimized image data, and generate a report of the data. Image Lab software exclusively runs on the Gel Doc EZ imager, Gel Doc XR+ imaging system, ChemiDo MP, ChemiDoc XRS+ imaging systems, Criterion Stain Free imager, and the GS-900calibrated densitometer.
View all literature mentionsBlack Zen software (software resource)
RRID:SCR_018163
Software used to analyze images obtained from microscope. ZEN Black is software Zeiss uses to run their laser-based instruments.
View all literature mentionsNeural Module (software resource)
RRID:SCR_019270
Neural Module by Axion BioSystems Inc, provides simplified approach to set up, execution and analysis of neural experiments. Enables Maestro Pro and Edge to record and analyze key parameters of neural network function, including activity, synchrony, and network oscillations.
View all literature mentionsAxIS (software resource)
RRID:SCR_016308
Software for multi electrode array recording for Axion Biosystems. Used in enhancing cardiac and neural analysis through data processing and signal monitoring.
View all literature mentionsMicrosoft Excel (software resource)
RRID:SCR_016137
Software application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.
View all literature mentionsGraphPad Prism (software resource)
RRID:SCR_002798
Statistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsImageJ (software resource)
RRID:SCR_003070
Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Polyclonal Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 647 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_162542
This polyclonal targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsWA01 (cell line)
RRID:CVCL_9771
Cell line WA01 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsWIBR3 (cell line)
RRID:CVCL_9767
Cell line WIBR3 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2535789
This polyclonal secondary targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921070
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 594 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_141637
This unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Highly Cross-Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2536183
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsDonkey Anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Antibody, Alexa Fluor ?? 488 Conjugated (antibody)
RRID:AB_2535792
This unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsRabbit anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228385
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsGoat anti-Rabbit IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228341
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsGoat anti-Mouse IgG (H+L) Secondary Antibody, HRP (antibody)
RRID:AB_228307
This polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsAnti-PKC alpha (phospho S657) antibody [EPR1901(2)] (antibody)
RRID:AB_2783796
This monoclonal targets PKC alpha
View all literature mentionsPKC Alpha antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_2878965
This polyclonal targets PKC Alpha
View all literature mentionsPhospho-mTOR (Ser2481) Antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_3085338
This polyclonal targets Phospho-mTOR (Ser2481)
View all literature mentionsPhospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_10694233
This monoclonal targets Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser240/244) (D68F8) XP Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRabbit Anti-S6 Ribosomal Protein Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 5G10 (antibody)
RRID:AB_331355
This monoclonal targets S6 Ribosomal Protein
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 594 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921073
This polyclonal secondary targets Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsRaptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_561245
This monoclonal targets Raptor (24C12) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsRictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2179963
This monoclonal targets Rictor (53A2) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsDonkey anti-Chicken IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed Secondary Antibody, Alexa Fluor™ 647 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2921074
This polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L) Highly Cross Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsRabbit Anti-PTEN Monoclonal Antibody, Unconjugated, Clone 138G6 (antibody)
RRID:AB_390810
This monoclonal targets PTEN
View all literature mentionsmTOR (7C10) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2105622
This monoclonal targets mTOR
View all literature mentionsPhospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_331168
This monoclonal targets Phospho-Akt (Ser473) (193H12) Rabbit mAb
View all literature mentionsNanog (D73G4) XP Rabbit Antibody (antibody)
RRID:AB_10559205
This monoclonal targets Nanog
View all literature mentionsSox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)
RRID:AB_2195767
This monoclonal targets Sox2
View all literature mentionsMonoclonal Anti-β-Actin antibody produced in mouse (antibody)
RRID:AB_476697
This monoclonal targets β-Actin
View all literature mentionsMouse Ki-67 Antigen (antibody)
RRID:AB_2250503
This monoclonal targets Mki67
View all literature mentionsGoat Polyclonal Antibody to MAP2 (antibody)
RRID:AB_2737286
This polyclonal targets MAP2, large isoforms, MAP2A, MAP2B
View all literature mentionsDoublecortin/DCX Antibody (E-6) Alexa Fluor® 488 (antibody)
RRID:AB_3073697
This monoclonal targets Doublecortin/DCX
View all literature mentions
