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http://www.biodas.org

The Distributed Annotation System (DAS) defines a communication protocol used to exchange annotations on genomic or protein sequences. It is motivated by the idea that such annotations should not be provided by single centralized databases, but should instead be spread over multiple sites. Data distribution, performed by DAS servers, is separated from visualization, which is done by DAS clients. The advantages of this system are that control over the data is retained by data providers, data is freed from the constraints of specific organisations and the normal issues of release cycles, API updates and data duplication are avoided. DAS is a client-server system in which a single client integrates information from multiple servers. It allows a single machine to gather up sequence annotation information from multiple distant web sites, collate the information, and display it to the user in a single view. Little coordination is needed among the various information providers. DAS is heavily used in the genome bioinformatics community. Over the last years we have also seen growing acceptance in the protein sequence and structure communities. A DAS-enabled website or application can aggregate complex and high-volume data from external providers in an efficient manner. For the biologist, this means the ability to plug in the latest data, possibly including a user''s own data. For the application developer, this means protection from data format changes and the ability to add new data with minimal development cost. Here are some examples of DAS-enabled applications or websites for end users: :- Dalliance Experimental Web/Javascript based Genome Viewer :- IGV Integrative Genome Viewer java based browser for many genomes :- Ensembl uses DAS to pull in genomic, gene and protein annotations. It also provides data via DAS. :- Gbrowse is a generic genome browser, and is both a consumer and provider of DAS. :- IGB is a desktop application for viewing genomic data. :- SPICE is an application for projecting protein annotations onto 3D structures. :- Dasty2 is a web-based viewer for protein annotations :- Jalview is a multiple alignment editor. :- PeppeR is a graphical viewer for 3D electron microscopy data. :- DASMI is an integration portal for protein interaction data. :- DASher is a Java-based viewer for protein annotations. :- EpiC presents structure-function summaries for antibody design. :- STRAP is a STRucture-based sequence Alignment Program. Hundreds of DAS servers are currently running worldwide, including those provided by the European Bioinformatics Institute, Ensembl, the Sanger Institute, UCSC, WormBase, FlyBase, TIGR, and UniProt. For a listing of all available DAS sources please visit the DasRegistry. Sponsors: The initial ideas for DAS were developed in conversations with LaDeana Hillier of the Washington University Genome Sequencing Center.

Proper citation: Distributed Annotation System (RRID:SCR_008427) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://bioinf.uni-greifswald.de/augustus/

Software for gene prediction in eukaryotic genomic sequences. Serves as a basis for further steps in the analysis of sequenced and assembled eukaryotic genomes.

Proper citation: Augustus (RRID:SCR_008417) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://sourceforge.net/projects/soapdenovo2/files/GapCloser/

Module of SOAPdenovo2 commonly used independently to close gaps in genome assemblies.

Proper citation: GapCloser (RRID:SCR_015026) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/cmayer/BaitFisher-package

Software toolkit for multispecies target DNA enrichment probe design. It consists of two programs: BaitFisher and BaitFilter, which are designed to construct hybrid enrichment baits for multiple sequence alignments or annotated features in multiple sequence alignments.

Proper citation: Baitfisher (RRID:SCR_015985) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.sanger.ac.uk/science/tools/seqtools

Software for multiple sequence alignment viewing, editing and phylogeny. It includes a set of user-configurable modes to color residues used to create high-quality reference alignments.

Proper citation: Belvu (RRID:SCR_015989) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.aevol.fr/

Simulation software for experimental evolution of microorganisms. Aevol is a digital genetics model for the study of structural variations of the genome (e.g. number of genes, synteny, proportion of coding sequences).

Proper citation: Aevol (RRID:SCR_015966) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://bioinf.eva.mpg.de/anfo/

Software for short read alignment and mapping of sequencing reads where the DNA sequence is somehow modified and/or there is more divergence between sample and reference than what fast mappers will handle.

Proper citation: Anfo (RRID:SCR_015972) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://disulfind.dsi.unifi.it/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023, Software for predicting the disulfide bonding state of cysteines and their disulfide connectivity, starting from a protein sequence alone and may be useful in other genomic annotation tasks.

Proper citation: DISULFIND (RRID:SCR_016072) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.pdbj.org/

PDBj (Protein Data Bank Japan) maintains a centralized PDB archive of macromolecular structures and provides integrated tools, in collaboration with the RCSB, the BMRB in USA and the PDBe in EU.

Proper citation: PDBj - Protein Data Bank Japan (RRID:SCR_008912) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://meme.nbcr.net/meme/cgi-bin/gomo.cgi

Gene Ontology for Motifs (GOMO) is an alignment- and threshold-free comparative genomics approach for assigning functional roles to DNA regulatory motifs from DNA sequence. The algorithm detects associations between a user-specified DNA regulatory motif (expressed as a position weight matrix; PWM) and Gene Ontology terms. The original method for predicting the roles of transcription factors (TFs starts with a PWM motif describing the DNA-binding affinity of the TF. GOMO uses the PWM to score the promoter region of each gene in the genome for its likelihood to be bound by the TF. The resulting ''''affinity'''' scores are then used to test each term in the Gene Ontology for association with high-scoring genes. The algorithm was subsequently extended to leverage conserved signals using multiple, related species in a comparative approach, which greatly improves the resulting annotations. Platform: Online tool, Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible

Proper citation: GOMO - Gene Ontology for Motifs (RRID:SCR_008864) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://hymenopteragenome.org/beebase/

Gene sequences and genomes of Bombus terrestris, Bombus impatiens, Apis mellifera and three of its pathogens, that are discoverable and analyzed via genome browsers, blast search, and apollo annotation tool. The genomes of two additional species, Apis dorsata and A. florea are currently under analysis and will soon be incorporated.BeeBase is an archive and will not be updated. The most up-to-date bee genome data is now available through the navigation bar on the HGD Home page.

Proper citation: BeeBase (RRID:SCR_008966) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://chgv.org/GenicIntolerance/

A gene-based score intended to help in the interpretation of human sequence data. The score is designed to rank genes in terms of whether they have more or less common functional genetic variation relative to the genome wide expectation given the amount of apparently neutral variation the gene has. A gene with a positive score has more common functional variation, and a gene with a negative score has less and is referred to as intolerant.

Proper citation: Residual Variation Intolerance Score (RVIS) (RRID:SCR_013850) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.scied.com/pr_cmbas.htm

A software system to assist with cloning simulation, enzyme operations, and graphic map drawing. Clone Manager can also be used as a way to view or edit sequence files, find open reading frames, translate genes, or find genes or text in files. Clone Manager Professional is an upgraded version of Clone Manager Basic., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: Clone Manager Software (RRID:SCR_014521) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://aem.asm.org/content/71/12/8228.full

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented Setember 8, 2016. A suite of tools for the comparison of microbial communities using phylogenetic information. It takes as input a single phylogenetic tree that contains sequences derived from at least two different environmental samples and a file describing which sequences came from which sample.

Proper citation: Unifrac (RRID:SCR_014616) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.cbcb.umd.edu/software/metapath

A statistical package for comparing metagenomic data-sets at the pathway level. It relies on a combination of metagenomic sequence data and prior metabolic pathway knowledge, which is pulled from KEGG.

Proper citation: Metapath (RRID:SCR_014621) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://topaz.gatech.edu/GeneTack/cgi/print_page.cgi?fn=db_home.html&title=Frameshift%20Database

Tools for frameshift prediction and a frameshift database.

Proper citation: GeneTack (RRID:SCR_011953) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.jiffynet.org/

Web based instant protein network modeler for newly sequenced species. Web server designed to instantly construct genome scale protein networks using protein sequence data. Provides network visualization, analysis pages and solution for instant network modeling of newly sequenced species.

Proper citation: JiffyNet (RRID:SCR_011954) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.sanger.ac.uk/science/tools/seqtools

Software for sequence alignment that is a graphical dot-matrix program for detailed comparison of two sequences.

Proper citation: Dotter (RRID:SCR_016080) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/vertebrate-genomics/software/exonerate

Software package for sequence alignment of pairwise sequence comparison. Exonerate can be used to align sequences using many alignment models, exhaustive dynamic programming, or a variety of heuristics., THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 16,2025.

Proper citation: Exonerate (RRID:SCR_016088) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://github.com/osallou/cassiopee-c

Software to scan an input genomic sequence (dna/rna/protein). It searchs for a subsequence that has an exact match, substitutions (Hamming distance), and/or insertion/deletions with supporting alphabet ambiguity.

Proper citation: Cassiopee (RRID:SCR_016056) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry