The data sets included in this resource are published in Kravitz et al, 2012. Distinct roles for direct and indirect pathway striatal neurons in reinforcement (Nat. Neurosci). The data shows: optogenetic activation of dopamine D1 or D2 receptor-expressing striatal projection neurons influenced reinforcement learning in mice. Stimulating D1 receptor-expressing neurons induced persistent reinforcement, whereas stimulating D2 receptor-expressing neurons induced transient punishment. These 3 recording files contain data collected in 2010 and 2011 by Lex Kravitz in Anatol Kreitzer's lab at the Gladstone Institutes. Each file contains ~ 1 hour of awake in vivo recording data, containing the spike times for ~30 minutes of spontaneous activity, preceeded or followed by 400 laser pulses (473nm laser light, 1 sec pulses, 3 seconds inter-pulse-interval). The laser pulses were presented at 4 intensities: 0.1mW, 0.3mW, 1.0mW, and 3.0mW, and pulse times at each intensity are given in separate columns in each data file. Finally, each data file contains the identification of "light-modulated units" as we identified them (see related publication).