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The maintenance of fluid homeostasis is necessary for function of the neural retina; however, little is known about the significance of potential fluid management mechanisms. Here, we investigated angiopoietin-4 (Angpt4, also known as Ang3), a poorly characterized ligand for endothelial receptor tyrosine kinase Tie2, in mouse retina model. By using genetic reporter, fate mapping, and in situ hybridization, we found Angpt4 expression in a specific sub-population of astrocytes at the site where venous morphogenesis occurs and that lower oxygen tension, which distinguishes peripheral and venous locations, enhances Angpt4 expression. Correlating with its spatiotemporal expression, deletion of Angpt4 resulted in defective venous development causing impaired venous drainage and defects in neuronal cells. In vitro characterization of angiopoietin-4 proteins revealed both ligand-specific and redundant functions among the angiopoietins. Our study identifies Angpt4 as the first growth factor for venous-specific development and its importance in venous remodeling, retinal fluid clearance and neuronal function.
Pubmed ID: 30444491 RIS Download
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Global nonprofit biological resource center (BRC) and research organization that provides biological products, technical services and educational programs to private industry, government and academic organizations. Its mission is to acquire, authenticate, preserve, develop and distribute biological materials, information, technology, intellectual property and standards for the advancement and application of scientific knowledge. The primary purpose of ATCC is to use its resources and experience as a BRC to become the world leader in standard biological reference materials management, intellectual property resource management and translational research as applied to biomaterial development, standardization and certification. ATCC characterizes cell lines, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as develops and evaluates assays and techniques for validating research resources and preserving and distributing biological materials to the public and private sector research communities.
View all literature mentionsWorldwide authority that approves standardized nomenclature to gene name and symbol, short form abbreviation, for each known human gene and stores all approved symbols in HGNC database. Approved human gene nomenclature. Database of gene symbols. Manually curated genes into family sets based on shared characteristics such as homology, function or phenotype. Data for protein-coding genes, pseudogenes, non-coding RNAs, phenotypes and genomic features.
View all literature mentionsInternational database for laboratory mouse. Data offered by The Jackson Laboratory includes information on integrated genetic, genomic, and biological data. MGI creates and maintains integrated representation of mouse genetic, genomic, expression, and phenotype data and develops reference data set and consensus data views, synthesizes comparative genomic data between mouse and other mammals, maintains set of links and collaborations with other bioinformatics resources, develops and supports analysis and data submission tools, and provides technical support for database users. Projects contributing to this resource are: Mouse Genome Database (MGD) Project, Gene Expression Database (GXD) Project, Mouse Tumor Biology (MTB) Database Project, Gene Ontology (GO) Project at MGI, and MouseCyc Project at MGI.
View all literature mentionsRepository of mouse vectors, ES cells, mice, embryos, and sperm generated by NIH KOMP Mutagenesis Project. In addition, KOMP Repository offers services in support of KOMP products, including ES cell microinjection, vector cloning, post-insertional modification of cloned ES cells, cryopreservation, assisted reproduction techniques (IVF, ICSI) and mouse breeding, pathology services, phenotyping services, etc. KOMP Repository is final component of more than $50 million trans-NIH initiative to increase availability of genetically altered mice and related materials. The University of California, Davis (UC Davis) and Children''s Hospital Oakland Research Institute (CHORI) in Oakland, Calif., are collaborating to preserve, protect, and make available about 8,500 types of knockout mice and related products available to research community. Products are generated by two KOMP mutagenesis teams (CSD consortium and Regeneron Inc). All KOMP products generated by CSD consortium and Regeneron are available through KOMP Repository. Notice as of December 19, 2019: Materials from KOMP Repository have been deposited into MMRRC, including all mouse models and mouse embryonic stem cell lines. Eventually www.komp.org will be sunsetting, and IMSR will remove KOMP Repository listings, since they were double listed in MMRRC. MMRRC will contain the most accurate and up to date resource models.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsAmerican chemical, life science and biotechnology company owned by Merck KGaA. Merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical Company. Provides organic and inorganic chemicals, building blocks, reagents, advanced materials and stable isotopes for chemical synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials science, antibiotics, buffers, carbohydrates, enzymes, forensic tools, hematology and histology, nucleotides, proteins, peptides, amino acids and their derivatives.
View all literature mentionsA commercial antibody supplier which supplies primary and secondary antibodies, biochemicals, proteins, peptides, lysates, immunoassays and other kits.
View all literature mentionsCompany provides laboratories worldwide with analytical instruments and supplies, clinical and diagnostic testing services, consumables, applications and expertise in life sciences and applied chemical markets.
View all literature mentionsCenter that produces knockout mice and carries out high-throughput phenotyping of each line in order to determine function of every gene in mouse genome. These mice will be preserved in repositories and made available to scientific community representing valuable resource for basic scientific research as well as generating new models for human diseases.
View all literature mentionslaboratory mouse with name C57BL/6N from MGI.
View all literature mentionsCell line HUVEC-C is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line HUVEC-C is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Collagen Type IV
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Protein A/G PLUS-Agarose
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Digoxigenin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Actin alpha-Smooth Muscle - Cy3(TM) antibody produced in mouse
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H + L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets TAGLN
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Tie-2 (C-20)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Penta-His
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets LRRK2
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Phosphotyrosine
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Fusion protein corresponding to residues 1-745 of human Tie2/TEK with a C-terminal His6-tag purified from infected SF-9 cells.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets The initial immunization was performed with a preparation of full length human recombinant GFAP expressed in bacteria and highly purified
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Biotin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets TEK
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets
View all literature mentionsImage processing software used to modify and clarify sample images for FluoView FV1000 range of confocal laser scanning microscopes and Fluoview FV1000MPE multiphoton excitation systems. The software incorporates high-dynamic-range imaging, minimized signal-to-noise ratios, partial stitching with multiarea time-lapse imaging, and channel unmixing. The software also allows users to select specific areas of the whole sample, which can stitched together.
View all literature mentionsSoftware application for data analysis and graphing. Origin contains a variety of different graph types, including statistical plots, 2D and 3D vector graphs, and counter graphs. More advance version is OriginPro which offers advanced analysis tools and Apps for Peak Fitting, Surface Fitting, Statistics and Signal Processing.
View all literature mentionsUser interface software for Carl Zeiss light microscopy imaging systems. ZEN is the universal user interface you will see on every imaging system from ZEISS. After selecting fluorophore, ZEN applies the necessary settings to collect and organize data.
View all literature mentionsCell line CCD-19Lu is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsSoftware application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets LRRK2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Tie-2 (C-20)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets TAGLN
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Phosphotyrosine
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets The initial immunization was performed with a preparation of full length human recombinant GFAP expressed in bacteria and highly purified
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Actin alpha-Smooth Muscle - Cy3(TM) antibody produced in mouse
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Collagen Type IV
View all literature mentionsCell line CCD-19Lu is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets
View all literature mentionsSoftware application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware application for data analysis and graphing. Origin contains a variety of different graph types, including statistical plots, 2D and 3D vector graphs, and counter graphs. More advance version is OriginPro which offers advanced analysis tools and Apps for Peak Fitting, Surface Fitting, Statistics and Signal Processing.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsUser interface software for Carl Zeiss light microscopy imaging systems. ZEN is the universal user interface you will see on every imaging system from ZEISS. After selecting fluorophore, ZEN applies the necessary settings to collect and organize data.
View all literature mentionsImage processing software used to modify and clarify sample images for FluoView FV1000 range of confocal laser scanning microscopes and Fluoview FV1000MPE multiphoton excitation systems. The software incorporates high-dynamic-range imaging, minimized signal-to-noise ratios, partial stitching with multiarea time-lapse imaging, and channel unmixing. The software also allows users to select specific areas of the whole sample, which can stitched together.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Protein A/G PLUS-Agarose
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Digoxigenin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H + L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Fusion protein corresponding to residues 1-745 of human Tie2/TEK with a C-terminal His6-tag purified from infected SF-9 cells.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Biotin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Penta-His
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets TEK
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