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Anatomical and neurochemical characterization of dopaminergic interplexiform processes in mouse and rat retinas.

The Journal of comparative neurology | 2008

Dopaminergic (DA) neurons of mouse and rat retinas are of the interplexiform subtype (DA-IPC), i.e., they send processes distally toward the outer retina, exhibiting numerous varicosities along their course. The primary question we addressed was whether distally located DA-IPC varicosities, identified by tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunoreactivity, had the characteristic presynaptic proteins associated with calcium-dependent vesicular release of neurotransmitter. We found that TH immunoreactive varicosities in the outer retina possessed vesicular monoamine transporter 2 and vesicular GABA transporter, but they lacked immunostaining for any of nine subtypes of voltage-dependent calcium channel. Immunoreactivity for other channels that may permit calcium influx such as certain ionotropic glutamate receptors and canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPCs) was similarly absent, although DA-IPC varicosities did show ryanodine receptor immunoreactivity, indicating the presence of intracellular calcium stores. The synaptic vesicle proteins sv2a and sv2b and certain other proteins associated with the presynaptic membrane were absent from DA-IPC varicosities, but the vesicular SNARE protein, vamp2, was present in a fraction of those varicosities. We identified a presumed second class of IPC that is GABAergic but not dopaminergic. Outer retinal varicosities of this putative GABAergic IPC did colocalize synaptic vesicle protein 2a, suggesting they possessed a conventional vesicular release mechanism.

Pubmed ID: 18615559 RIS Download

Research resources used in this publication

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NEI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 EY013870
  • Agency: NEI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 EY013870-07
  • Agency: NEI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: EY 13870

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


SPOT (tool)

RRID:SCR_005623

Software package for analysis of microarray images. Microarray spot detection and characterization software package which extracts numerical information from cDNA microarrays.

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Synaptic Systems (tool)

RRID:SCR_013612

An Antibody supplier

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Anti-CACNA1A (CaV2.1) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2039764

This unknown targets CACNA1A (CaV2.1) Channel

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Anti-CACNA1B (CaV2.2) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2039766

This unknown targets CACNA1B (CaV2.2) Channel

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Anti-CaV2.3 (CACNA1E) Antibody (antibody)

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This unknown targets CaV2.3 (CACNA1E) Channel

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Anti-Glutamate receptor 1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2113602

This polyclonal targets Glutamate receptor 1

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Rabbit Anti-TRPC3 (Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel 3, TRP-3) Polyclonal antibody, Unconjugated (antibody)

RRID:AB_2208032

This polyclonal targets TRPC3 (Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel 3, TRP-3)

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Anti-TrpC4 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2208067

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Anti-TrpC6 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2208338

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Anti-Transient Receptor Potential Channel 7, pain (antibody)

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This polyclonal targets Transient Receptor Potential Channel 7 pain

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SERCA2 ATPase Monoclonal Antibody (IID8) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2227681

This monoclonal targets SERCA2 ATPase

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Anti-TrpC1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2272206

This polyclonal targets TRPC1 (Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel 1, TRP-1)

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Cav1.4 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314106

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Cav3.1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314107

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Cav3.2 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314108

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Cav3.3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314109

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Rabbit Anti-Calcium Channel (alpha 1C Subunit) (L-type of Voltage-gated Ca 2+ Channel) Antibody, Unconjugated (antibody)

RRID:AB_258750

This unknown targets Calcium Channel (alpha1C Subunit) (L-type of Voltage-gated Ca2+ Channel)

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Rabbit Anti-Calcium Channel (alpha 1D Subunit) (L-type of Voltage-gated Ca 2+ Channel) Antibody, Unconjugated (antibody)

RRID:AB_258756

This unknown targets Calcium Channel (alpha1D Subunit) (L-type of Voltage-gated Ca2+ Channel)

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Anti-Tyrosine Hydroxylase Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_390204

This polyclonal targets Tyrosine Hydroxylase

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Anti-SNAP 25 (antibody)

RRID:AB_887794

This monoclonal targets SNAP 25

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Anti-Synaptobrevin (antibody)

RRID:AB_887807

This polyclonal targets Synaptobrevin 1

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Anti-VGAT (antibody)

RRID:AB_887872

This monoclonal targets VGAT (cytoplasmic domain)

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Anti-Glutamate Receptor 2 & 3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_90710

This polyclonal targets Glutamate Receptor 2 & 3

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Anti-Glutamate Receptor 4 (antibody)

RRID:AB_90711

This polyclonal targets Glutamate Receptor 4

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Anti-GABA Transporter-1, C-terminus (a.a. 588-599) (antibody)

RRID:AB_90790

This polyclonal targets GABA Transporter-1 C-terminus (a.a. 588-599)

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Rabbit Anti-TRPC4 (Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel 4, TRP-4) Polyclonal antibody, Unconjugated (antibody)

RRID:AB_92047

This polyclonal targets TRPC4 (Transient Receptor Potential-Like Channel 4, TRP-4)

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