Hand grip is a leading measure of muscle strength and general health, yet its association with body shape is not well characterized. Here, we examine correlations between grip strength, a body shape index (ABSI), and body mass index (BMI) in the 2011-2014 United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohorts. Grip strength was found to correlate negatively with ABSI (though positively with BMI), suggesting that those with a more central body profile tend to be weaker than others with the same weight. Individuals with low grip strength, as well as those with high ABSI, were more likely to die during follow up, whereas there was no association of BMI with mortality hazard. Transforming the grip strength, ABSI, and BMI by taking their logarithm prior to standardization did not meaningfully change the associations seen. These findings suggest that combining anthropometrics (ABSI, BMI) with grip strength may better identify individual mortality hazard in research studies and clinical practice.

Hand grip strength (HGS) is a widely used functional test for the assessment of strength and functional status in patients with cancer, in particular with cancer cachexia. The aim was to prospectively evaluate the prognostic value of HGS in patients with mostly advanced cancer with and without cachexia and to establish reference values for a European-based population.

To evaluate sarcopenic indices in relation to respiratory muscle strength (RMS) in elderly people.

There is limited information on the relationship between muscle strength and recurrence and mortality after incident venous thromboembolism (VTE).

To determine the socio-demographic, psychologic, hematologic, or other relevant factors associated with hand grip strength in Korean farmers.

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common chronic complications of diabetes, leading to disability and decreased quality of life. In past research and clinical studies, the lower limb function of DPN patients was often the principal subject of research, with little attention given to the upper limb and hand. Our goal was to assess and compare hand function between elderly diabetic patients with DPN and without DPN.

Hand grip strength (HGS) is a key measurement in the assessment of frailty phenotype in haemodialysis patients. However, the measurement is not very standardized, and notably, current data on the potential impact of a haemodialysis session on the results are both limited and controversial. In the present analysis, we compared HGS results before and after a haemodialysis session in 101 patients.

Protein-calorie malnutrition is very frequent in cancer patients and is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality. Recently, the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were proposed to standardize the diagnosis of malnutrition. Nevertheless, these criteria were not validated in prospective studies. Our objective is to determine the prevalence of malnutrition in cancer inpatients using different diagnostic classifications, including GLIM criteria, and to establish their association with length of stay and mortality. Hence, we designed a prospective study. Within the first 24 hours of admission to the Inpatient Oncology Unit, subjective global assessment (SGA) was carried out, and anthropometric data (body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), arm muscle circumference (AMC), fat-free mass index (FFMI)) and hand grip strength (HGS) were obtained to assess the reduction of muscle mass according to GLIM criteria. Length of stay, biomarkers (albumin, prealbumin, C-reactive protein (CRP)), and in-hospital and six-month mortality were evaluated. Regarding the 282 patients evaluated, their mean age was 60.4 ± 12.6 years, 55.7% of them were male, and 92.9% had an advanced-stage tumor (17.7% stage III, 75.2% stage IV). According to SGA, 81.6% of the patients suffered from malnutrition (25.5% moderate malnutrition, and 56.1% severe malnutrition), and, based on GLIM criteria, malnutrition rate was between 72.2 and 80.0% depending on the used tool. Malnourished patients (regardless of the tool used) showed significantly worse values concerning BMI, length of stay, and levels of CRP/albumin, albumin, and prealbumin than normally nourished patients. In logistic regression, adjusted for confounding variables, the odds ratio of death at six months was significantly associated with malnutrition by SGA (odds ratio 2.73, confidence interval (CI) 1.35-5.52, p = 0.002), and by GLIM criteria calculating muscle mass with HGS (odds ratio 2.72, CI 1.37-5.40, p = 0.004) and FFMI (odds ratio 1.87, CI 1.01-3.48, p = 0.047), but not by MAC or AMC. The prevalence of malnutrition in advanced-stage cancer inpatients is very high. SGA and GLIM criteria, especially with HGS, are useful tools to diagnose malnutrition and have a similar predictive value regarding six-month mortality in cancer inpatients.

Hand osteoarthritis is a common condition characterised by joint pain and muscle weakness. These factors are thought to contribute to ongoing disability. Some evidence exists that resistance training decreases pain, improves muscle strength, and enhances function in people with knee and hip osteoarthritis. However, there is currently a lack of consensus regarding its effectiveness in people with hand osteoarthritis. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to establish whether resistance training in people with hand osteoarthritis increases grip strength, decreases joint pain, and improves hand function.

Hand grip strength (HGS) is recognized as an important health indicator, but validated reference values that can be applied to the evaluation of individuals in different populations are still lacking. This work aimed to identify correlations between HGS and anthropometric variables and to establish HGS reference values for adult and elderly populations. This is a population-based cross-sectional study considering the subsets of individuals with healthy right or left upper limbs from a sample of 1,609 adults and elderly residents in Rio Branco, Acre, Brazil. Descriptive statistics of anthropometric measures and HGS values at maximum performance based on three measurements of the two hands were obtained, and Pearson correlations between these variables were applied. Percentile distributions were estimated for right and left HGS by sex and age group. Men presented, in general, a maximum HGS 57% higher than women (43.4 kg vs. 27.6 kg), and also higher HGS levels in the different age groups. In both sexes, the highest HGS values were observed in the age group of 30 to 39 years (men, 46.9 kg; women, 29.4 kg), with a subsequent decline. HGS presented a negative correlation with age and a weak to moderate positive correlation with anthropometric variables, among men and women. The median HGS of men was reduced by about 46% between the ages of 30 and 39 years and 80 years and over (right hand, 46.4 to 23.7 kg; left hand, 42.2 to 23.5 kg) and by about 44% in women (right hand, 29.0 to 16.4 kg, left hand, 27.3 to 15.2 kg). The values identified are a reference for HGS behavior among healthy adults and seniors, although they do not discriminate individuals with specific health conditions. They can be used in rehabilitation programs and subsidize future studies aimed at exploring their potential application in the evaluation of the health condition of adults and elderly individuals.

Several observational studies have reported an association between hand grip strength (HGS) and pulmonary function (PF). However, causality is unclear. To investigate whether HGS and PF are causally associated, we performed Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

To assess the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection and decreased hand grip strength (HGS).

The aim of this study was to determine the accuracy and error range of hand grip strength measurement using various methods.

Previous research has demonstrated a correlation between hand grip strength (HGS) and muscle strength. This study aims to determine the relationship between HGS and muscle mass in older Asian adults.

Hip fractures are a global concern, resulting in poor outcomes and high health care costs. They mostly affect people >80 years. Hip fractures are influenced by various (modifiable) risk factors. Emerging evidence suggests hand grip strength (HGS) to be one of several useful tools to identify hip fracture risk. This is the first systematic review that aims to assess the evidence underlying the relationship between hip fracture incidence and HGS. Eleven studies were selected for this review (six case-control and five cohort studies), comprising 21,197 participants. Where reported, HGS was significantly decreased in individuals with a hip fracture near the time of injury as compared to controls (p < 0.001); HGS was associated with increased hip fracture risk in all included studies. Meta-analysis was not possible. All studies included in this systematic review confirmed a relationship between decreased HGS and hip fracture incidence. We were not able to quantify the strength of this relationship, due to the heterogeneity of the included studies. HGS merits further investigation as a useful tool for identifying individuals that might be at elevated risk for sustaining a hip fracture.

[Purpose] This study investigated the interaction effects between the levels of smartphone use and hand dominance on handgrip, pinch strengths, and functional hand performance in children. [Participants and Methods] A total of 60 children aged between 9 and 15 were assigned into two groups: Group A (high-frequency smartphone users) and Group B (low-frequency smartphone users). Use levels were determined according to the smartphone addiction scale-short version. A hand dynamometer and pinch gauge were used to measure handgrip and pinch strength respectively. Functions of the upper extremity and hand were scored using the Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire. [Results] Group A participants had reduced measurements in hand grip and pinch strength, especially in the dominant hand. However, Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand scores indicated that hand function was decreased in the dominant hand whether the child was a high- or low-frequency smartphone user. [Conclusion] Results indicated that high levels of smartphone use diminished hand and pinch-grip strengths as well as and hand function. That is, hand and pinch-grip strengths were reduced in the dominant hands of high-frequency smartphone users. However, hand functions were affected in the dominant hands among both high and low-level smartphone users.

Hand grip strength is a widely used proxy of muscular fitness, a marker of frailty, and predictor of a range of morbidities and all-cause mortality. To investigate the genetic determinants of variation in grip strength, we perform a large-scale genetic discovery analysis in a combined sample of 195,180 individuals and identify 16 loci associated with grip strength (P<5 × 10-8) in combined analyses. A number of these loci contain genes implicated in structure and function of skeletal muscle fibres (ACTG1), neuronal maintenance and signal transduction (PEX14, TGFA, SYT1), or monogenic syndromes with involvement of psychomotor impairment (PEX14, LRPPRC and KANSL1). Mendelian randomization analyses are consistent with a causal effect of higher genetically predicted grip strength on lower fracture risk. In conclusion, our findings provide new biological insight into the mechanistic underpinnings of grip strength and the causal role of muscular strength in age-related morbidities and mortality.

Handgrip strength (HGS) is used as a biomarker for the state of health of older people, but the number of research publications containing the normative values of HGS in older adult populations is limited. The aim of the study was to define reference values and factors associated with HGS in older adults living in southeastern Poland. A cross-sectional study including 405 participants aged 65 and older was conducted. Handgrip strength for the dominant hand was assessed by the average of three trials using a JAMAR dynamometer. The sample was categorized into the following age groups: 65-69 years, 70-74 years, 75-79 years, 80-84 years, 85 and over. The average HGS was 19.98 kg (16.91 kg for women and 26.19 kg for men). There was a decrease in handgrip strength across the age range in both sexes. The average handgrip strength of the older people was 17.97 kg (14.47 kg for women and 25.66 kg for men) for those aged 80-85 and 16.68 kg (13.51 kg for women and 21.77 kg for men) in the group over 85 years old. In both sexes, marital status was an independent factor associated with reduced handgrip strength. In conclusion, this study described, for the first time, handgrip strength values for the southeastern Polish population aged ≥ 65 years according to age and gender.

Evidence for non-pharmacological interventions in hand osteoarthritis is promising but still scarce. Combined interventions are most likely to best cover the clinical needs of patients with hand osteoarthritis (OA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a combined, interdisciplinary intervention feasible in both primary and specialist care compared to routine care plus placebo in patients with hand OA.

Ankle dorsiflexor muscle strength is a crucial component of gait.