A broad molecular framework of how neural stem cells are specified toward astrocyte fate during brain development has proven elusive. Here we perform comprehensive and integrated transcriptomic and epigenomic analyses to delineate gene regulatory programs that drive the developmental trajectory from mouse embryonic stem cells to astrocytes. We report molecularly distinct phases of astrogliogenesis that exhibit stage- and lineage-specific transcriptomic and epigenetic signatures with unique primed and active chromatin regions, thereby revealing regulatory elements and transcriptional programs underlying astrocyte generation and maturation. By searching for transcription factors that function at these elements, we identified NFIA and ATF3 as drivers of astrocyte differentiation from neural precursor cells while RUNX2 promotes astrocyte maturation. These transcription factors facilitate stage-specific gene expression programs by switching the chromatin state of their target regulatory elements from primed to active. Altogether, these findings provide integrated insights into the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms steering the trajectory of astrogliogenesis.
Pubmed ID: 30290178 RIS Download
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Software repository for R packages related to analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data. Uses separate set of commands for installation of packages. Software project based on R programming language that provides tools for analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsSoftware ultrafast memory efficient tool for aligning sequencing reads. Bowtie is short read aligner.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for image processing, analysis, and editing. The software includes features such as touch capabilities, a customizable toolbar, 2D and 3D image merging, and Cloud access and options.
View all literature mentionsQuality control software that perform checks on raw sequence data coming from high throughput sequencing pipelines. This software also provides a modular set of analyses which can give a quick impression of the quality of the data prior to further analysis.
View all literature mentionsAlignment analysis software tool for comparative mapping between two genome assemblies or between two different genomes. It can cache intermediate results to speed a comparisons of multiple sequences.
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Oligodendrocute transcription factor 2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets mouse GLAST, C-terminal 41 aa (NM148938)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Doublecortin
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse IgG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets donkey anti-goat IgG-HRP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets SOX9
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets SATB2 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets S100 beta antibody [SH-B1]
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets S100 - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RUNX2 (M-70)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RFP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NFIA
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets NF-1A (K-21)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Nestin Tail
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets c-Myc
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Mouse Mash1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets H3K27ac
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets H3K4me1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFAP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GFAP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GAPDH
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets FLAG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Connexin 43 / GJA1 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets β-Tubulin III
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets ATF3
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets ATF-3 (C-19)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets AQP4
View all literature mentionsSoftware tools for Motif Discovery and next-gen sequencing analysis. Used for analyzing ChIP-Seq, GRO-Seq, RNA-Seq, DNase-Seq, Hi-C and numerous other types of functional genomics sequencing data sets. Collection of command line programs for unix style operating systems written in Perl and C++.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool to analyze the promoters of genes and look for motifs that are enriched in the target gene promoters relative to other promoters. Used for gene based analysis to provide a list of genes that should contain the same elements, such as genes that are co-regulated. It includes gene ontology analysis and can be used to look for RNA motifs in mRNAs.
View all literature mentionsA software program that allows you to easily visualize your next-generation sequencing (NGS) samples at functional genomic regions.
View all literature mentionsSoftware Python package for identifying transcript factor binding sites. Used to evaluate significance of enriched ChIP regions. Improves spatial resolution of binding sites through combining information of both sequencing tag position and orientation. Can be used for ChIP-Seq data alone, or with control sample with increase of specificity.
View all literature mentionsA lightweight software pipeline written to process and analyse next-generation sequencing (NGS) data from Illumina, 454, and Ion Torrent platforms. Although originally written for viral data, it is generic enough to work on any NGS dataset. Functions include: duplicate removal, demultiplexing, primer-removal, quality-assurance (QA) graphing, quality control (QC), consensus-generation, minority-variant determination, minority-variant graphing.
View all literature mentionsUltrafast and memory efficient tool for aligning sequencing reads to long reference sequences. Supports gapped, local, and paired end alignment modes. More suited to finding longer, gapped alignments in comparison with original Bowtie method.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool as a function in R to draw clustered heatmaps for better control over graphical parameters.
View all literature mentionsToppGene Suite is a one-stop portal for gene list enrichment analysis and candidate gene prioritization based on functional annotations and protein interactions network. ToppGene Suite is a one-stop portal for (i) gene list functional enrichment, (ii) candidate gene prioritization using either functional annotations or network analysis and (iii) identification and prioritization of novel disease candidate genes in the interactome. Functional annotation-based disease candidate gene prioritization uses a fuzzy-based similarity measure to compute the similarity between any two genes based on semantic annotations. The similarity scores from individual features are combined into an overall score using statistical meta-analysis.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on August 30,2023. Software for differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution. It estimates variance-mean dependence in count data from high-throughput sequencing assays and tests for differential expression.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software Python package that provides infrastructure to process data from high-throughput sequencing assays. While the main purpose of HTSeq is to allow you to write your own analysis scripts, customized to your needs, there are also a couple of stand-alone scripts for common tasks that can be used without any Python knowledge.
View all literature mentionsOriginal SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for fast and high throughput alignment of shotgun cDNA sequencing reads generated by transcriptomics technologies. Fast splice junction mapper for RNA-Seq reads. Aligns RNA-Seq reads to mammalian-sized genomes using ultra high-throughput short read aligner Bowtie, and then analyzes mapping results to identify splice junctions between exons.TopHat2 is accurate alignment of transcriptomes in presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions.
View all literature mentionsImage acquisition and analysis software suite for Hamamatsu imaging devices. Hamamatsu Photonics imaging system for microscopy.
View all literature mentionsA collection of tools for flow cytometer and application setup, data acquisition, and data analysis that help streamline flow cytometry workflows. It provides features to help users integrate flow systems into new application areas, including index sorting for stem cell and single-cell applications, as well as automation protocols for high-throughput and robotic laboratories.
View all literature mentionsUser interface software for Carl Zeiss light microscopy imaging systems. ZEN is the universal user interface you will see on every imaging system from ZEISS. After selecting fluorophore, ZEN applies the necessary settings to collect and organize data.
View all literature mentionsOpen source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsCell line ES-C57BL/6 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool to analyze the promoters of genes and look for motifs that are enriched in the target gene promoters relative to other promoters. Used for gene based analysis to provide a list of genes that should contain the same elements, such as genes that are co-regulated. It includes gene ontology analysis and can be used to look for RNA motifs in mRNAs.
View all literature mentionsA software program that allows you to easily visualize your next-generation sequencing (NGS) samples at functional genomic regions.
View all literature mentionsSoftware Python package for identifying transcript factor binding sites. Used to evaluate significance of enriched ChIP regions. Improves spatial resolution of binding sites through combining information of both sequencing tag position and orientation. Can be used for ChIP-Seq data alone, or with control sample with increase of specificity.
View all literature mentionsA lightweight software pipeline written to process and analyse next-generation sequencing (NGS) data from Illumina, 454, and Ion Torrent platforms. Although originally written for viral data, it is generic enough to work on any NGS dataset. Functions include: duplicate removal, demultiplexing, primer-removal, quality-assurance (QA) graphing, quality control (QC), consensus-generation, minority-variant determination, minority-variant graphing.
View all literature mentionsUltrafast and memory efficient tool for aligning sequencing reads to long reference sequences. Supports gapped, local, and paired end alignment modes. More suited to finding longer, gapped alignments in comparison with original Bowtie method.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool as a function in R to draw clustered heatmaps for better control over graphical parameters.
View all literature mentionsToppGene Suite is a one-stop portal for gene list enrichment analysis and candidate gene prioritization based on functional annotations and protein interactions network. ToppGene Suite is a one-stop portal for (i) gene list functional enrichment, (ii) candidate gene prioritization using either functional annotations or network analysis and (iii) identification and prioritization of novel disease candidate genes in the interactome. Functional annotation-based disease candidate gene prioritization uses a fuzzy-based similarity measure to compute the similarity between any two genes based on semantic annotations. The similarity scores from individual features are combined into an overall score using statistical meta-analysis.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on August 30,2023. Software for differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution. It estimates variance-mean dependence in count data from high-throughput sequencing assays and tests for differential expression.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software Python package that provides infrastructure to process data from high-throughput sequencing assays. While the main purpose of HTSeq is to allow you to write your own analysis scripts, customized to your needs, there are also a couple of stand-alone scripts for common tasks that can be used without any Python knowledge.
View all literature mentionsOriginal SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for fast and high throughput alignment of shotgun cDNA sequencing reads generated by transcriptomics technologies. Fast splice junction mapper for RNA-Seq reads. Aligns RNA-Seq reads to mammalian-sized genomes using ultra high-throughput short read aligner Bowtie, and then analyzes mapping results to identify splice junctions between exons.TopHat2 is accurate alignment of transcriptomes in presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions.
View all literature mentionsImage acquisition and analysis software suite for Hamamatsu imaging devices. Hamamatsu Photonics imaging system for microscopy.
View all literature mentionsA collection of tools for flow cytometer and application setup, data acquisition, and data analysis that help streamline flow cytometry workflows. It provides features to help users integrate flow systems into new application areas, including index sorting for stem cell and single-cell applications, as well as automation protocols for high-throughput and robotic laboratories.
View all literature mentionsUser interface software for Carl Zeiss light microscopy imaging systems. ZEN is the universal user interface you will see on every imaging system from ZEISS. After selecting fluorophore, ZEN applies the necessary settings to collect and organize data.
View all literature mentionsOpen source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsCell line ES-C57BL/6 is a Embryonic stem cell with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets goat anti-rabbit IgG-HRP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse IgG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Mouse IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets donkey anti-goat IgG-HRP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets SOX9
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets SATB2 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets S100 beta antibody [SH-B1]
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets S100 - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RUNX2 (M-70)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RFP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NFIA
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets NF-1A (K-21)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Nestin Tail
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets c-Myc
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Mouse Mash1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets H3K27ac
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets H3K4me1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFAP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GFAP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GAPDH
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets FLAG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Connexin 43 / GJA1 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets β-Tubulin III
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets ATF3
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets ATF-3 (C-19)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets AQP4
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Oligodendrocute transcription factor 2
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Doublecortin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Oligodendrocute transcription factor 2
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Doublecortin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Oligodendrocute transcription factor 2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets mouse GLAST, C-terminal 41 aa (NM148938)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Doublecortin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Oligodendrocute transcription factor 2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets mouse GLAST, C-terminal 41 aa (NM148938)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Doublecortin
View all literature mentions