Searching across hundreds of databases
Brain-computer interfaces have seen an increase in popularity due to their potential for direct neuroprosthetic applications for amputees and disabled individuals. Supporting this promise, animals-including humans-can learn even arbitrary mapping between the activity of cortical neurons and movement of prosthetic devices [1-4]. However, the performance of neuroprosthetic device control has been nowhere near that of limb control in healthy individuals, presenting a dire need to improve the performance. One potential limitation is the fact that previous work has not distinguished diverse cell types in the neocortex, even though different cell types possess distinct functions in cortical computations [5-7] and likely distinct capacities to control brain-computer interfaces. Here, we made a first step in addressing this issue by tracking the plastic changes of three major types of cortical inhibitory neurons (INs) during a neuron-pair operant conditioning task using two-photon imaging of IN subtypes expressing GCaMP6f. Mice were rewarded when the activity of the positive target neuron (N+) exceeded that of the negative target neuron (N-) beyond a set threshold. Mice improved performance with all subtypes, but the strategies were subtype specific. When parvalbumin (PV)-expressing INs were targeted, the activity of N- decreased. However, targeting of somatostatin (SOM)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing INs led to an increase of the N+ activity. These results demonstrate that INs can be individually modulated in a subtype-specific manner and highlight the versatility of neural circuits in adapting to new demands by using cell-type-specific strategies.
Pubmed ID: 29249656 RIS Download
Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.
This unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Parvalbumin
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name STOCK Ssttm2.1(cre)Zjh/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentions
Mus musculus with name STOCK Gt(ROSA)26Sortm5(ACTB-tTA)Luo Igs7
Mus musculus with name B6.129P2-Pvalbtm1(cre)Arbr/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMulti paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth generation programming language developed by MathWorks. Allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages, including C, C++, Java, Fortran and Python. Used to explore and visualize ideas and collaborate across disciplines including signal and image processing, communications, control systems, and computational finance.
View all literature mentionsOpen source software application for laser scanning microscopy, electrophysiology, laser scanning photostimulation, and other physiological methods focused on neurobiology. Used to control laser scanning microscopes without need for custom data acquisition hardware. Standard data acquisition boards are used to acquire data and control laser scanning. The tasks of signal integration and image processing are placed on the computer CPU. Multiple versions of ScanImage are available, each with their own features.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6;129S-Gt(ROSA)26Sortm95.1(CAG-GCaMP6f)Hze/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name STOCK Viptm1(cre)Zjh/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentions
Mus musculus with name STOCK Gt(ROSA)26Sortm5(ACTB-tTA)Luo Igs7
Mus musculus with name STOCK Ssttm2.1(cre)Zjh/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6.129P2-Pvalbtm1(cre)Arbr/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsThe SciCrunch Infrastructure was developed as a cooperative data platform to be used by diverse communities in making data more FAIR.
scicrunch.org
