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MYC Controls Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Fate Decisions through Regulation of Metabolic Flux.

Cell stem cell | 2017

As human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) exit pluripotency, they are thought to switch from a glycolytic mode of energy generation to one more dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. Here we show that, although metabolic switching occurs during early mesoderm and endoderm differentiation, high glycolytic flux is maintained and, in fact, essential during early ectoderm specification. The elevated glycolysis observed in hPSCs requires elevated MYC/MYCN activity. Metabolic switching during endodermal and mesodermal differentiation coincides with a reduction in MYC/MYCN and can be reversed by ectopically restoring MYC activity. During early ectodermal differentiation, sustained MYCN activity maintains the transcription of "switch" genes that are rate-limiting for metabolic activity and lineage commitment. Our work, therefore, shows that metabolic switching is lineage-specific and not a required step for exit of pluripotency in hPSCs and identifies MYC and MYCN as developmental regulators that couple metabolism to pluripotency and cell fate determination.

Pubmed ID: 28965765 RIS Download

Additional research tools detected in this publication

Antibodies used in this publication

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P01 GM085354
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P41 GM103390
  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR070178
  • Agency: NCRR NIH HHS, United States
    Id: S10 RR027097

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


LIMMA (tool)

RRID:SCR_010943

Software package for the analysis of gene expression microarray data, especially the use of linear models for analyzing designed experiments and the assessment of differential expression.

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edgeR (tool)

RRID:SCR_012802

Bioconductor software package for Empirical analysis of Digital Gene Expression data in R. Used for differential expression analysis of RNA-seq and digital gene expression data with biological replication.

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Glimma (tool)

RRID:SCR_017389

Software package for interactive graphics for gene expression analysis. Generates interactive visualisations for analysis of RNA-sequencing data.

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Rabbit Anti-Mouse Immunoglobulins (antibody)

RRID:AB_2687969

This polyclonal targets Mouse Immunoglobulins

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Rabbit Anti-Mouse IgG H&L (antibody)

RRID:AB_2614925

This polyclonal secondary targets IgG H&L

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Anti-SOX1 antibody (ab87775) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2616563

This polyclonal targets Mouse, Rat, Human SOX1

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Purified anti-Pax-6 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2565003

This unknown targets Pax-6

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Polyclonal Rabbit Anti-Goat Immunoglobulins/HRP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2617143

This polyclonal targets Goat immunoglobulins of all classes

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Goat Anti-Rabbit Immunoglobulins/HRP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2617138

This polyclonal secondary targets Immunoglobulins

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Sox-2 (Y-17) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2286684

This polyclonal targets SOX2

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Oct3/4 Antibody (C-10) (antibody)

RRID:AB_628051

This monoclonal targets Oct-3/4

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POU5F1-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_2167703

This polyclonal targets POU5F1

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N-Myc (C-19) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2251128

This polyclonal targets MYCN

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MYC-human,MYC-mouse (antibody)

RRID:AB_631276

This polyclonal targets MYC

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LDH-A (N-14) (antibody)

RRID:AB_672142

This polyclonal targets LDHA

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LDH-C (I-13) (antibody)

RRID:AB_677217

This polyclonal targets LDH-C (I-13)

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Cdk2 (M2) (antibody)

RRID:AB_631215

This polyclonal targets Cdk2 (M2)

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Cufflinks (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014597

Software tool for transcriptome assembly and differential expression analysis for RNA-Seq. Includes script called cuffmerge that can be used to merge together several Cufflinks assemblies. It also handles running Cuffcompare as well as automatically filtering a number of transfrags that are likely to be artifacts. If the researcher has a reference GTF file, the researcher can provide it to the script to more effectively merge novel isoforms and maximize overall assembly quality.

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TopHat (software resource)

RRID:SCR_013035

Software tool for fast and high throughput alignment of shotgun cDNA sequencing reads generated by transcriptomics technologies. Fast splice junction mapper for RNA-Seq reads. Aligns RNA-Seq reads to mammalian-sized genomes using ultra high-throughput short read aligner Bowtie, and then analyzes mapping results to identify splice junctions between exons.TopHat2 is accurate alignment of transcriptomes in presence of insertions, deletions and gene fusions.

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FlowJo (software resource)

RRID:SCR_008520

Software for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.

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SlideBook (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014300

Digital microscopy software for research microscopy. It comes standard with drivers to control numerous instruments in and around the microscope. When online, data is acquired in a native-3D format over time, color and specimen locations in customizable experiment protocols. Data can be analyzed by a wide variety of tools for image processing including mathematical operations, statistics functions, analysis scripting and import to/export from MATLAB. Additional modules are available for special applications ranging from deconvolution to photomanipulation to multiphoton.

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ImageJ (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003070

Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.

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Seahorse Wave (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014526

Software to manage Seahorse XFe24 Analyzer, which measures OCR and ECAR of live cells in a 24-well plate format. Users can create and modify assay templates and analyze and manage data.

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