Endogenous retroviral sequences provide a molecular fossil record of ancient infections whose analysis might illuminate mechanisms of viral extinction. A close relative of gammaretroviruses, HERV-T, circulated in primates for ~25 million years (MY) before apparent extinction within the past ~8 MY. Construction of a near-complete catalog of HERV-T fossils in primate genomes allowed us to estimate a ~32 MY old ancestral sequence and reconstruct a functional envelope protein (ancHTenv) that could support infection of a pseudotyped modern gammaretrovirus. Using ancHTenv, we identify monocarboxylate transporter-1 (MCT-1) as a receptor used by HERV-T for attachment and infection. A single HERV-T provirus in hominid genomes includes an env gene (hsaHTenv) that has been uniquely preserved. This apparently exapted HERV-T env could not support virion infection but could block ancHTenv mediated infection, by causing MCT-1 depletion from cell surfaces. Thus, hsaHTenv may have contributed to HERV-T extinction, and could also potentially regulate cellular metabolism.
Pubmed ID: 28397686 RIS Download
Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.
A commercial antibody supplier and provider of various services.
View all literature mentionsGlobal nonprofit biological resource center (BRC) and research organization that provides biological products, technical services and educational programs to private industry, government and academic organizations. Its mission is to acquire, authenticate, preserve, develop and distribute biological materials, information, technology, intellectual property and standards for the advancement and application of scientific knowledge. The primary purpose of ATCC is to use its resources and experience as a BRC to become the world leader in standard biological reference materials management, intellectual property resource management and translational research as applied to biomaterial development, standardization and certification. ATCC characterizes cell lines, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as develops and evaluates assays and techniques for validating research resources and preserving and distributing biological materials to the public and private sector research communities.
View all literature mentionsCommercial vendor and service provider of laboratory reagents and antibodies. Supplier of scientific instrumentation, reagents and consumables, and software services.
View all literature mentionsA contract research organization providing drug development and animal testing services. Under the name Covance Research Products Inc., based in Denver, Pennsylvania, the company also deals in the import, breeding and sale of laboratory animals. It breeds dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs, non-human primates, and pigs, and runs the largest non-human primate laboratory in Germany. (Wikipedia)
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for identification and annotation of genetically mobile domains and analysis of domain architectures.
View all literature mentionsNIH HIV Reagent Program has been managed under contract by American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) since 2020. ATCC shall maintain the NIH HIV Reagent Program through identification, acquisition, production, receipt, storage, maintenance, distribution and disposal of biological and chemical research organisms and materials for HIV and other infectious diseases for use in basic and translational research.
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets FLAG
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets HSP 90 (4F10)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets MCT1 (H-1)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets HA EPITOPE TAG Antibody
View all literature mentionsPackage of programs for phylogenetic analyses of DNA or protein sequences using maximum likelihood. PAML estimates parameters and tests hypotheses to study the evolutionary process from a phylogenetic tree.
View all literature mentionsCell line CV-1 is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus aethiops
View all literature mentionsCell line K-562 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line UMNSAH/DF-1 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Gallus gallus
View all literature mentionsCell line CHO-K1 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)
View all literature mentionsCell line MDCK is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Canis lupus familiaris
View all literature mentionsCell line CRFK is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Felis catus (Cat)
View all literature mentionsCell line MRC-5 is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line Rat2 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Rattus norvegicus
View all literature mentionsCell line M. dunni (Clone III8C) is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus terricolor
View all literature mentionsCell line FRhK-4 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque)
View all literature mentionsCell line HT-1080 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line Huh-7.5 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line MT-2 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsWeb application which predicts arginine and lysine propeptide cleavage sites in eukaryotic protein sequences using an ensemble of neural networks. Furin-specific prediction is the default. It is also possible to perform a general proprotein convertase prediction.
View all literature mentionsWeb application for the prediction of transmembrane helices in proteins using Hidden Markov Models. FASTA formatted sequences can be uploaded via file or copy-paste, and output can be formatted as extensive with graphics, extensive without graphics, or one line per protein. Submissions are limited to 10,000 sequences and 4,000,000 amino acids - each sequence is limited to no more than 8,000 amino acids.
View all literature mentionsSoftware program that simulates the evolution of nucleotide or amino acid sequences along a phylogeny using common models of the substitution process. A range of models of molecular evolution are implemented, including the general reversible model. State frequencies and other parameters of the model may be given and site-specific rate heterogeneity may also be incorporated in a number of ways. Any number of trees may be read in and the program will produce any number of data sets for each tree.
View all literature mentionsSoftware environment and programming language for statistical computing and graphics. R is integrated suite of software facilities for data manipulation, calculation and graphical display. Can be extended via packages. Some packages are supplied with the R distribution and more are available through CRAN family.It compiles and runs on wide variety of UNIX platforms, Windows and MacOS.
View all literature mentionsPortal to interactively visualize genomic data. Provides reference sequences and working draft assemblies for collection of genomes and access to ENCODE and Neanderthal projects. Includes collection of vertebrate and model organism assemblies and annotations, along with suite of tools for viewing, analyzing and downloading data.
View all literature mentionsWeb application for the analysis and detection of APOBEC-induced hypermutations. The first sequence in the input alignment will be used as the reference sequence, and each of the other sequences will be used as a query sequence.
View all literature mentionsSoftware which creates phylogenetic trees from molecular, morphological and/or behavioral data through high speed computer analysis.
View all literature mentionsA graphical viewer of phylogenetic trees and a program for producing publication-ready figures. It is designed to display summarized and annotated trees produced by BEAST.
View all literature mentionsSoftware program for phylogenetic analyses of large datasets under maximum likelihood.
View all literature mentionsMultiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity.Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Data analysis service for multiple sequence comparison by log- expectation.
View all literature mentionsCollection of curated, non-redundant genomic DNA, transcript RNA, and protein sequences produced by NCBI. Provides a reference for genome annotation, gene identification and characterization, mutation and polymorphism analysis, expression studies, and comparative analyses. Accessed through the Nucleotide and Protein databases.
View all literature mentionsWeb application to search protein databases using a translated nucleotide query. Translated BLAST services are useful when trying to find homologous proteins to a nucleotide coding region. Blastx compares translational products of the nucleotide query sequence to a protein database. Because blastx translates the query sequence in all six reading frames and provides combined significance statistics for hits to different frames, it is particularly useful when the reading frame of the query sequence is unknown or it contains errors that may lead to frame shifts or other coding errors. Thus blastx is often the first analysis performed with a newly determined nucleotide sequence and is used extensively in analyzing EST sequences. This search is more sensitive than nucleotide blast since the comparison is performed at the protein level.
View all literature mentionsWeb application to search nucleotide databases using a nucleotide query. Algorithms: blastn, megablast, discontiguous megablast.
View all literature mentionsTool to search translated nucleotide databases using a protein query.
View all literature mentionsPackage of programs for phylogenetic analyses of DNA or protein sequences using maximum likelihood. PAML estimates parameters and tests hypotheses to study the evolutionary process from a phylogenetic tree.
View all literature mentions