Tools   Select Another Resource Report Type

http://publications.nigms.nih.gov/computinglife/

An NIGMS magazine that showcases the exciting ways that scientists are using the power of computers to expand our knowledge of biology and medicine. From text messaging friends to navigating city streets with GPS technology, we''re all living the computing life. But as we''ve upgraded from snail mail and compasses, so too have scientists. Computer advances now let researchers quickly search through DNA sequences to find gene variations that could lead to disease, simulate how flu might spread through your school and design three-dimensional animations of molecules that rival any video game. By teaming computers and biology, scientists can answer new and old questions that could offer insights into the fundamental processes that keep us alive and make us sick. This booklet introduces you to just some of the ways that physicists, biologists and even artists are computing life. Each section focuses on a different research problem, offers examples of current scientific projects and acquaints you with the people conducting the work. You can follow the links for online extras and other opportunities to learn aboutand get involved inthis exciting new interdisciplinary field.

Proper citation: NIGMS Computing Life (RRID:SCR_005850) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://zebrafinch.brainarchitecture.org/

Atlas of high resolution Nissl stained digital images of the brain of the zebra finch, the mainstay of songbird research. The cytoarchitectural high resolution photographs and atlas presented here aim at facilitating electrode placement, connectional studies, and cytoarchitectonic analysis. This initial atlas is not in stereotaxic coordinate space. It is intended to complement the stereotaxic atlases of Akutegawa and Konishi, and that of Nixdorf and Bischof. (Akutagawa E. and Konishi M., stereotaxic atalas of the brain of zebra finch, unpublished. and Nixdorf-Bergweiler B. E. and Bischof H. J., A Stereotaxic Atlas of the Brain Of the Zebra Finch, Taeniopygia Guttata, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.) The zebra finch has proven to be the most widely used model organism for the study of the neurological and behavioral development of birdsong. A unique strength of this research area is its integrative nature, encompassing field studies and ethologically grounded behavioral biology, as well as neurophysiological and molecular levels of analysis. The availability of dimensionally accurate and detailed atlases and photographs of the brain of male and female animals, as well as of the brain during development, can be expected to play an important role in this research program. Traditionally, atlases for the zebra finch brain have only been available in printed format, with the limitation of low image resolution of the cell stained sections. The advantages of a digital atlas over a traditional paper-based atlas are three-fold. * The digital atlas can be viewed at multiple resolutions. At low magnification, it provides an overview of brain sections and regions, while at higher magnification, it shows exquisite details of the cytoarchitectural structure. * It allows digital re-slicing of the brain. The original photographs of brain were taken in certain selected planes of section. However, the brains are seldom sliced in exactly the same plane in real experiments. Re-slicing provides a useful atlas in user-chosen planes, which are otherwise unavailable in the paper-based version. * It can be made available on the internet. High resolution histological datasets can be independently evaluated in light of new experimental anatomical, physiological and molecular studies.

Proper citation: Zebrafinch Brain Architecture Project (RRID:SCR_004277) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.youtube.com/user/NIGMS/

YouTube videos provided by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS).

Proper citation: NIGMS - YouTube (RRID:SCR_005678) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://rostlab.org/services/nlsdb/

A database of nuclear localization signals (NLSs) and of nuclear proteins targeted to the nucleus by NLS motifs. NLSs are short stretches of residues mediating transport of nuclear proteins into the nucleus. The database contains 114 experimentally determined NLSs that were obtained through an extensive literature search. Using "in silico mutagenesis" this set was extended to 308 experimental and potential NLSs. This final set matched over 43% of all known nuclear proteins and matches no currently known non-nuclear protein. NLSdb contains over 6000 predicted nuclear proteins and their targeting signals from the PDB and SWISS-PROT/TrEMBL databases. The database also contains over 12 500 predicted nuclear proteins from six entirely sequenced eukaryotic proteomes (Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans, Arabidopsis thaliana and Saccharomyces cerevisiae). NLS motifs often co-localize with DNA-binding regions. This observation was used to also annotate over 1500 DNA-binding proteins. From this site you can: * Query NLSdb * Find out how to use NLSdb * Browse the entries in NLSdb * Find out if your protein has an NLS using PredictNLS * Predict subcellular localization of your protein using LOCtree

Proper citation: NLSdb: a database of nuclear localization signals (RRID:SCR_003273) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.emdataresource.org/

Portal for deposition and retrieval of cryo electron microscopy (3DEM) density maps, atomic models, and associated metadata. Global resource for 3 Dimensional Electron Microscopy structure data archiving and retrieval, news, events, software tools, data standards, validation methods.

Proper citation: EMDataResource.org (RRID:SCR_003207) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.broadinstitute.org/cancer/software/genepattern

A powerful genomic analysis platform that provides access to hundreds of tools for gene expression analysis, proteomics, SNP analysis, flow cytometry, RNA-seq analysis, and common data processing tasks. A web-based interface provides easy access to these tools and allows the creation of multi-step analysis pipelines that enable reproducible in silico research.

Proper citation: GenePattern (RRID:SCR_003201) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.cellimagelibrary.org/

Freely accessible, public repository of vetted and annotated microscopic images, videos, and animations of cells from a variety of organisms, showcasing cell architecture, intracellular functionalities, and both normal and abnormal processes. Explore by Cell Process, Cell Component, Cell Type or Organism. The Cell includes images acquired from historical and modern collections, publications, and by recruitment.

Proper citation: Cell Image Library (CIL) (RRID:SCR_003510) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.reactome.org

Collection of pathways and pathway annotations. The core unit of the Reactome data model is the reaction. Entities (nucleic acids, proteins, complexes and small molecules) participating in reactions form a network of biological interactions and are grouped into pathways (signaling, innate and acquired immune function, transcriptional regulation, translation, apoptosis and classical intermediary metabolism) . Provides website to navigate pathway knowledge and a suite of data analysis tools to support the pathway-based analysis of complex experimental and computational data sets.

Proper citation: Reactome (RRID:SCR_003485) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.minituba.org

miniTUBA is a web-based modeling system that allows clinical and biomedical researchers to perform complex medical/clinical inference and prediction using dynamic Bayesian network analysis with temporal datasets. The software allows users to choose different analysis parameters (e.g. Markov lags and prior topology), and continuously update their data and refine their results. miniTUBA can make temporal predictions to suggest interventions based on an automated learning process pipeline using all data provided. Preliminary tests using synthetic data and laboratory research data indicate that miniTUBA accurately identifies regulatory network structures from temporal data. miniTUBA represents in a network view possible influences that occur between time varying variables in your dataset. For these networks of influence, miniTUBA predicts time courses of disease progression or response to therapies. minTUBA offers a probabilistic framework that is suitable for medical inference in datasets that are noisy. It conducts simulations and learning processes for predictive outcomes. The DBN analysis conducted by miniTUBA describes from variables that you specify how multiple measures at different time points in various variables influence each other. The DBN analysis then finds the probability of the model that best fits the data. A DBN analysis runs every combination of all the data; it examines a large space of possible relationships between variables, including linear, non-linear, and multi-state relationships; and it creates chains of causation, suggesting a sequence of events required to produce a particular outcome. Such chains of causation networks - are difficult to extract using other machine learning techniques. DBN then scores the resulting networks and ranks them in terms of how much structured information they contain compared to all possible models of the data. Models that fit well have higher scores. Output of a miniTUBA analysis provides the ten top-scoring networks of interacting influences that may be predictive of both disease progression and the impact of clinical interventions and probability tables for interpreting results. The DBN analysis that miniTUBA provides is especially good for biomedical experiments or clinical studies in which you collect data different time intervals. Applications of miniTUBA to biomedical problems include analyses of biomarkers and clinical datasets and other cases described on the miniTUBA website. To run a DBN with miniTUBA, you can set a number of parameters and constrain results by modifying structural priors (i.e. forcing or forbidding certain connections so that direction of influence reflects actual biological relationships). You can specify how to group variables into bins for analysis (called discretizing) and set the DBN execution time. You can also set and re-set the time lag to use in the analysis between the start of an event and the observation of its effect, and you can select to analyze only particular subsets of variables.

Proper citation: miniTUBA (RRID:SCR_003447) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.morpholinodatabase.org/

Central database to house data on morpholino screens currently containing over 700 morpholinos including control and multiple morpholinos against the same target. A publicly accessible sequence-based search opens this database for morpholinos against a particular target for the zebrafish community. Morpholino Screens: They set out to identify all cotranslationally translocated genes in the zebrafish genome (Secretome/CTT-ome). Morpholinos were designed against putative secreted/CTT targets and injected into 1-4 cell stage zebrafish embryos. The embryos were observed over a 5 day period for defects in several different systems. The first screen examined 184 gene targets of which 26 demonstrated defects of interest (Pickart et al. 2006). A collaboration with the Verfaillie laboratory examined the knockdown of targets identified in a comparative microarray analysis of hematopoietic stem cells demonstrating how microarray and morpholino technologies can be used in conjunction to enrich for defects in specific developmental processes. Currently, many collaborations are underway to identify genes involved in morphological, kidney, skin, eye, pigment, vascular and hematopoietic development, lipid metabolism and more. The screen types referred to in the search functions are the specific areas of development that were examined during the various screens, which include behavior, general morphology, pigmentation, toxicity, Pax2 expression, and development of the craniofacial structures, eyes, kidneys, pituitary, and skin. Only data pertaining to specific tests performed are presented. Due to the complexity of this international collaboration and time constraints, not all morpholinos were subjected to all screen types. They are currently expanding public access to the database. In the future we will provide: * Mortality curves and dose range for each morpholino * Preliminary data regarding the effectiveness of each morpholino * Expanded annotation for each morpholino * External linkage of our morpholino sequences to ZFIN and Ensembl. To submit morpholino-knockdown results to MODB please contact the administrator for a user name and password.

Proper citation: Morpholino Database (RRID:SCR_001378) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.ebi.ac.uk/biomodels-main/

Repository of mathematical models of biological and biomedical systems. Hosts selection of existing literature based physiologically and pharmaceutically relevant mechanistic models in standard formats. Features programmatic access via Web Services. Each model is curated to verify that it corresponds to reference publication and gives proper numerical results. Curators also annotate components of models with terms from controlled vocabularies and links to other relevant data resources allowing users to search accurately for models they need. Models can be retrieved in SBML format and import/export facilities are being developed to extend spectrum of formats supported by resource.

Proper citation: BioModels (RRID:SCR_001993) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.pathwaycommons.org/pc

Database of publicly available pathways from multiple organisms and multiple sources represented in a common language. Pathways include biochemical reactions, complex assembly, transport and catalysis events, and physical interactions involving proteins, DNA, RNA, small molecules and complexes. Pathways were downloaded directly from source databases. Each source pathway database has been created differently, some by manual extraction of pathway information from the literature and some by computational prediction. Pathway Commons provides a filtering mechanism to allow the user to view only chosen subsets of information, such as only the manually curated subset. The quality of Pathway Commons pathways is dependent on the quality of the pathways from source databases. Pathway Commons aims to collect and integrate all public pathway data available in standard formats. It currently contains data from nine databases with over 1,668 pathways, 442,182 interactions,414 organisms and will be continually expanded and updated. (April 2013)

Proper citation: Pathway Commons (RRID:SCR_002103) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.genenetwork.org/

Web platform that provides access to data and tools to study complex networks of genes, molecules, and higher order gene function and phenotypes. Sequence data (SNPs) and transcriptome data sets (expression genetic or eQTL data sets). Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping module that is built into GN is optimized for fast on-line analysis of traits that are controlled by combinations of gene variants and environmental factors. Used to study humans, mice (BXD, AXB, LXS, etc.), rats (HXB), Drosophila, and plant species (barley and Arabidopsis). Users are welcome to enter their own private data.

Proper citation: GeneNetwork (RRID:SCR_002388) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

https://simtk.org/home/contrack

An algorithm for identifying pathways that are known to exist between two regions within DTI data of anisotropic tissue, e.g., muscle, brain, spinal cord. The ConTrack algorithms use knowledge of DTI scanning physics and apriori information about tissue architecture to identify the location of connections between two regions within the DTI data. Assuming a course of connection or pathway between these two regions is known to exist within the measured tissue, ConTrack can be used to estimate properties of these connections in-vivo.

Proper citation: ConTrack (RRID:SCR_002681) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.pharmgkb.org/

Database and central repository for genetic, genomic, molecular and cellular phenotype data and clinical information about people who have participated in pharmacogenomics research studies. The data includes, but is not limited to, clinical and basic pharmacokinetic and pharmacogenomic research in the cardiovascular, pulmonary, cancer, pathways, metabolic and transporter domains. PharmGKB welcomes submissions of primary data from all research into genes and genetic variation and their effects on drug and disease phenotypes. PharmGKB collects, encodes, and disseminates knowledge about the impact of human genetic variations on drug response. They curate primary genotype and phenotype data, annotate gene variants and gene-drug-disease relationships via literature review, and summarize important PGx genes and drug pathways. PharmGKB is part of the NIH Pharmacogenomics Research Network (PGRN), a nationwide collaborative research consortium. Its aim is to aid researchers in understanding how genetic variation among individuals contributes to differences in reactions to drugs. A selected subset of data from PharmGKB is accessible via a SOAP interface. Downloaded data is available for individual research purposes only. Drugs with pharmacogenomic information in the context of FDA-approved drug labels are cataloged and drugs with mounting pharmacogenomic evidence are listed.

Proper citation: PharmGKB (RRID:SCR_002689) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://ophid.utoronto.ca/i2d

Database of known and predicted mammalian and eukaryotic protein-protein interactions, it is designed to be both a resource for the laboratory scientist to explore known and predicted protein-protein interactions, and to facilitate bioinformatics initiatives exploring protein interaction networks. It has been built by mapping high-throughput (HTP) data between species. Thus, until experimentally verified, these interactions should be considered predictions. It remains one of the most comprehensive sources of known and predicted eukaryotic PPI. It contains 490,600 Source Interactions, 370,002 Predicted Interactions, for a total of 846,116 interactions, and continues to expand as new protein-protein interaction data becomes available.

Proper citation: I2D (RRID:SCR_002957) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://diseasome.eu

A disease / disorder relationships explorer and a sample of a map-oriented scientific work. It uses the Human Disease Network dataset and allows intuitive knowledge discovery by mapping its complexity. The Human Disease Network (official) dataset, a poster of the data and related book (Biology - The digital era, ISBN: 978-2-271-06779-1) are available. This kind of data has a network-like organization, and relations between elements are at least as important as the elements themselves. More data could be integrated to this prototype and could eventually bring closer phenotype and genotype. Results should be visual, but also printable. Creating posters can enhance collaborative work. It facilitates discussion and sharing of ideas about the data. This website initiative is an invitation to think about the benefits of networks exploration but above all it tries to outline future designs of scientific information systems.

Proper citation: Diseasome (RRID:SCR_002792) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://insitu.fruitfly.org/cgi-bin/ex/insitu.pl

Database of embryonic expression patterns using a high throughput RNA in situ hybridization of the protein-coding genes identified in the Drosophila melanogaster genome with images and controlled vocabulary annotations. At the end of production pipeline gene expression patterns are documented by taking a large number of digital images of individual embryos. The quality and identity of the captured image data are verified by independently derived microarray time-course analysis of gene expression using Affymetrix GeneChip technology. Gene expression patterns are annotated with controlled vocabulary for developmental anatomy of Drosophila embryogenesis. Image, microarray and annotation data are stored in a modified version of Gene Ontology database and the entire dataset is available on the web in browsable and searchable form or MySQL dump can be downloaded. So far, they have examined expression of 7507 genes and documented them with 111184 digital photographs.

Proper citation: Patterns of Gene Expression in Drosophila Embryogenesis (RRID:SCR_002868) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://function.princeton.edu/GOLEM/index.html

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented July 7, 2017. Welcome to the home of GOLEM: An interactive, graphical gene-ontology visualization, navigation,and analysis tool on the web. GOLEM is a useful tool which allows the viewer to navigate and explore a local portion of the Gene Ontology (GO) hierarchy. Users can also load annotations for various organisms into the ontology in order to search for particular genes, or to limit the display to show only GO terms relevant to a particular organism, or to quickly search for GO terms enriched in a set of query genes. GOLEM is implemented in Java, and is available both for use on the web as an applet, and for download as a JAR package. A brief tutorial on how to use GOLEM is available both online and in the instructions included in the program. We also have a list of links to libraries used to make GOLEM, as well as the various organizations that curate organism annotations to the ontology. GOLEM is available as a .jar package and a macintosh .app for use on- or off- line as a stand-alone package. You will need to have Java (v.1.5 or greater) installed on your system to run GOLEM. Source code (including Eclipse project files) are also available. GOLEM (Gene Ontology Local Exploration Map)is a visualization and analysis tool for focused exploration of the gene ontology graph. GOLEM allows the user to dynamically expand and focus the local graph structure of the gene ontology hierarchy in the neighborhood of any chosen term. It also supports rapid analysis of an input list of genes to find enriched gene ontology terms. The GOLEM application permits the user either to utilize local gene ontology and annotations files in the absence of an Internet connection, or to access the most recent ontology and annotation information from the gene ontology webpage. GOLEM supports global and organism-specific searches by gene ontology term name, gene ontology id and gene name. CONCLUSION: GOLEM is a useful software tool for biologists interested in visualizing the local directed acyclic graph structure of the gene ontology hierarchy and searching for gene ontology terms enriched in genes of interest. It is freely available both as an application and as an applet.

Proper citation: GOLEM An interactive, graphical gene-ontology visualization, navigation, and analysis tool (RRID:SCR_003191) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://dip.doe-mbi.ucla.edu/

Database to catalog experimentally determined interactions between proteins combining information from a variety of sources to create a single, consistent set of protein-protein interactions that can be downloaded in a variety of formats. The data were curated, both, manually and also automatically using computational approaches that utilize the the knowledge about the protein-protein interaction networks extracted from the most reliable, core subset of the DIP data. Because the reliability of experimental evidence varies widely, methods of quality assessment have been developed and utilized to identify the most reliable subset of the interactions. This CORE set can be used as a reference when evaluating the reliability of high-throughput protein-protein interaction data sets, for development of prediction methods, as well as in the studies of the properties of protein interaction networks. Tools are available to analyze, visualize and integrate user's own experimental data with the information about protein-protein interactions available in the DIP database. The DIP database lists protein pairs that are known to interact with each other. By interact they mean that two amino acid chains were experimentally identified to bind to each other. The database lists such pairs to aid those studying a particular protein-protein interaction but also those investigating entire regulatory and signaling pathways as well as those studying the organization and complexity of the protein interaction network at the cellular level. Registration is required to gain access to most of the DIP features. Registration is free to the members of the academic community. Trial accounts for the commercial users are also available.

Proper citation: Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP) (RRID:SCR_003167) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry