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http://www.sugp.caltech.edu/SpBase/

SpBase is designed to present the results of the genome sequencing project for the purple sea urchin. The sequences and annotations emerging from this effort are organized in a database that provides the research community access to those data not normally presented through National Center for Biotechnology Information and other large databases. Additionally, the unique information on that links gene identities and sequences to the plate and well location to the library filters from the Sea Urchin genome Resource will also be presented. The software used to organize and present the sea urchin genome comes from GMOD, a collection of open source software tools for creating and managing genome-scale biological databases. That sea urchins eggs and embryos have long remained a popular research subject for cell and developmental biologists is one rationale for sequencing the genome. In addition, studies of embryonic development in the California Purple Sea Urchin, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus , have paralleled the emergence of molecular techniques ranging from the characterization of genomic repeat sequences in the 1970''s to the elucidation of gene regulatory networks in recent times. The parent of this site, SUGP, was meant to provide a focal point for the exchange of genomic information as the genome of the Purple sea urchin was being sequenced. Over these past years it has served as a repository for small sequencing projects and a source of sequence information useful for gene discovery projects. Here one could find information on macro-array libraries of cDNAs from the purple sea urchin and genomic DNA from several species. In addition, a Sequence Tag Connector (STC) collection has been assembled from 5% of the genome sequence and a very extensive repeat sequence catalog prepared. All of the sequence data that we maintained at SUGP was incorporated into the new SPBase. Of course, it is all in public sequence databases such as the National Center for Biological Information as well. Some additional sequence information is available at the Resource Center of the German Human Genome Project. With the publication of The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus by The Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium a link to the first 9941 gene annotations are now publicly available. The effort to sequence the whole purple sea urchin genome was a cooperative one that included contributions from the Sea Urchin Genome Facility here at the Center for Computational Regulatory Genomics, Beckman Institute, Caltech, and support from the Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health. The sequencing was done at the Baylor College of Medicine, Human Genome Sequencing Center, Houston, Texas. Funding was approved based on an initiative submitted by the Sea Urchin Genome Advisory Committee.

Proper citation: SpBase - Strongylocentrotus purpuratus: the Sea Urchin Genome Database (RRID:SCR_007441) Copy   

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http://probeexplorer.cicancer.org/principal.php

Probe Explorer is an open access web-based bioinformatics application designed to show the association between microarray oligonucleotide probes and transcripts in the genomic context, but flexible enough to serve as a simplified genome and transcriptome browser. Coordinates and sequences of the genomic entities (loci, exons, transcripts), including vector graphics outputs, are provided for fifteen metazoa organisms and two yeasts. Alignment tools are used to built the associations between Affymetrix microarrays probe sequences and the transcriptomes (for human, mouse, rat and yeasts). Search by keywords is available and user searches and alignments on the genomes can also be done using any DNA or protein sequence query. Platform: Online tool

Proper citation: ProbeExplorer (RRID:SCR_007116) Copy   

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http://www.medinfopoli.polimi.it/GFINDer/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on August 16, 2019. Multi-database system providing large-scale lists of user-classified sequence identifiers with genome-scale biological information and functional profiles biologically characterizing the different gene classes in the list. GFINDer automatically retrieves updated annotations of several functional categories from different sources, identifies the categories enriched in each class of a user-classified gene list, and calculates statistical significance values for each category. Moreover, GFINDer enables to functionally classify genes according to mined functional categories and to statistically analyze the obtained classifications, aiding in better interpreting microarray experiment results.

Proper citation: GFINDer: Genome Function INtegrated Discoverer (RRID:SCR_008868) Copy   

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http://bioinfo2.ugr.es/IsoF/isofinder.html

Isofinder is an algorithm running on the web able to predict isochores at the sequence level. Isochores are long genome segments homogeneous in G+C. The algorithm works by moving a sliding pointer from left to right along the DNA sequence and computing the mean G+C values to the left and to the right of the pointer at each point. Additionally, the program checks whether this significance exceeds a probability threshold. If so, the sequence is cut at this point into two subsequences; otherwise, the sequence remains undivided. The procedure continues recursively for each of the two resulting subsequences created by each cut. This leads to the decomposition of a chromosome sequence into long homogeneous genome regions (LHGRs) with well-defined mean G+C contents, each significantly different from the G+C contents of the adjacent LHGRs. Most LHGRs can be identified with Bernardi''s isochores, given their correlation with biological features such as gene density, SINE and LINE (short, long interspersed repetitive elements) densities, recombination rate or single nucleotide polymorphism variability. The resulting isochore maps are available at http://bioinfo2.ugr.es/isochores/, and also at the UCSC Genome Browser (http://genome.cse.ucsc.edu/). Sponsors: Isofinder is funded by Universidad de Granada, Spain.

Proper citation: Isofinder: Isochore Computational Prediction (RRID:SCR_008342) Copy   

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http://www.hgsc.bcm.tmc.edu/

Center for high-throughput DNA sequence generation and the accompanying analysis. The sequence data generated by the center's machines are analyzed in a complex bioinformatics pipeline, and the data are deposited regularly in the public databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI).

Proper citation: Baylor College of Medicine Human Genome Sequencing Center (RRID:SCR_013605) Copy   

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http://www.regulomedb.org/

Database that annotates SNPs with known and predicted regulatory elements in intergenic regions of H. sapiens genome. Known and predicted regulatory DNA elements include regions of DNAase hypersensitivity, binding sites of transcription factors, and promoter regions that have been biochemically characterized to regulation transcription. Source of these data include public datasets from GEO, ENCODE project, and published literature.

Proper citation: RegulomeDB (RRID:SCR_017905) Copy   

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http://mouse.brain-map.org/

Genome wide database of gene expression in mouse brain. Genome-wide atlas of gene expression in the adult mouse brain.

Proper citation: ABA Mouse Brain: Atlas (RRID:SCR_017479) Copy   

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http://www.omicsexpress.com/sva.php

Software package to annotate, visualize, and analyze the genetic variants identified through next-generation sequencing studies, including whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and exome sequencing studies. SVA aims to provide the research community with a user-friendly and efficient tool to analyze large amount of genetic variants, and to facilitate the identification of the genetic causes of human diseases and related traits.

Proper citation: SVA (RRID:SCR_002155) Copy   

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http://gmod.org/wiki/Apollo

A standalone Java application with a GUI (graphical user interface) for editing genome annotations. Like GBrowse, it allows users to scroll and zoom in on areas of interest in a sequence; authorized users can edit annotations and write the changes back to the underlying database. Apollo can run off GFF3 or a Chado database, and it can also integrate with remote services, such as BLAST and Primer BLAST analyses.

Proper citation: Apollo (RRID:SCR_001936) Copy   

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http://www.sanger.ac.uk/resources/software/dnaplotter/

Software application used to generate images of circular and linear DNA maps to display regions and features of interest. The images can be inserted into a document or printed out directly. As this uses Artemis it can read in the common file formats EMBL, GenBank and GFF3.

Proper citation: DNAPlotter (RRID:SCR_005006) Copy   

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http://crispr-era.stanford.edu/index.jsp

Software comprehensive design tool for CRISPR mediated gene editing, repression and activation. Fast and comprehensive guide RNA design tool for genome editing, repression and activation. Used for automated genome wide sgRNA design.

Proper citation: CRISPR-ERA (RRID:SCR_018710) Copy   

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http://www.projects.roslin.ac.uk/cdiv/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on July 16, 2013. The objective of the project is the standardization of micro-satellite markers used within participating laboratories, use of DNA markers to define genetic diversity and to enable monitoring of breeds to promote conservation programs where required, and the determination of diversity present in rare and local breeds across Europe. The blood typing laboratories are now beginning to use micro-satellite markers as an alternative to serology for parentage verification, and are selecting a common set to be used from the several hundred micro-satellite markers available that cover the bovine genome, produced as part of the Bovine genome mapping project (See BovMaP). Work with micro-satellite markers has shown that they are valuable tools for examining genetic diversity and phylogeny in many species. However, for work carried out in different laboratories to be comparable, it is essential that the same markers are used. To maintain the compatibility of data generated by the various typing labs, it is essential that all laboratories adopt the same markers and typing protocols. It is therefore of paramount importance that the blood typing laboratories and research labs that are examining the genetic structure of the cattle populations adopt a common panel of the best micro-satellite markers available. Some pilot comparative work has been undertaken through the International Society for Animal Genetics, but so far this has only involved the blood typing laboratories. One objective of this project is to facilitate the comparison of the micro-satellite markers currently in use in the different types of laboratory and determine the efficiency of the markers available in revealing genetic differences within and among breeds. It will also be important to compare the use of markers in different laboratories to determine how robust they are and how easily results can be compared. From comparison of the markers, those that are most suitable will be selected to form a panel which will be recommended for pedigree validation and genetic surveys. Cattle are an important source of food in Europe, and intense selection has resulted in the development of specialized breeds. Selection for high-producing dairy cattle has been successful, but one associated drawback is that the cattle population, both in Europe and North America, has been skewed dramatically towards one breed, the Holstein/Friesian. So there has been a decline in the number of individuals of other breeds, and hence a general erosion of the genetic base of the cattle population. The progressive move towards the North American-type Holstein animals has also resulted in the requirement for high input/high output farming and intensive management schemes. The impact of this on the environment has been significant, e.g. pollution problems arising from the need for high nitrogen fertilizers to produce sufficient high quality fodder, and disposal problems associated with slurry waste. Poorer areas of the community have been unable to compete with such farming systems, and are more suited to low input/low output farming using traditional stock. It is however the future perspective that is of greatest concern. It is impossible to predict requirements for cattle production - quality, production type, management systems, etc. The ability to switch rapidly to alternative production will be dependent on the genetic base of the population available to selection programs. It is therefore essential to maintain the greatest genetic diversity possible in the cattle population. Whilst current farming practices are perceived to be both efficient and acceptable, the breeds less favored by commercial farmers will dwindle. It is therefore important that on an European scale efficient management of these breeds maintains the widest genetic base possible. This project aims to carry out a survey of the current genetic base of the European cattle population and to provide the tools to assist breeding programs to maintain a broad base. The blood typing laboratories are now beginning to use micro-satellite markers as an alternative to serology for parentage verification, and are selecting a common set to be used from the several hundred micro-satellite markers available that cover the bovine genome, produced as part of the Bovine genome mapping project. Early work to measure genetic diversity used blood groups to show differences between breeds and the diversity present. Unfortunately, the number of loci available are limited, with only the B system being sufficiently polymorphic to be really useful. However, since there is a wealth of information available from such typing, this information can be used to estimate changes in the genetic structure of cattle populations across Europe over the past twenty years. More recently mini-satellite probes have been used to generate ''genetic fingerprints'' which have been used to show differences between individuals. Such fingerprints have been used to estimate genetic diversity - the greater the number of bands revealed by the fingerprint being equated with greater diversity. This is valid within limits. The main disadvantage of the fingerprint approach is that the chromosomal location and number of loci being sampled, and so the proportion of the genome examined, is unknown. The allelic bands on the gel cannot be easily identified, so allele inheritance cannot be addressed making it impossible to trace ancestry. Through the EC funded BovMaP project, large numbers of highly polymorphic micro-satellite markers have become available, which are being mapped on the bovine genome. These markers are particularly suited to measuring genetic diversity, and markers can be selected to cover the entire genome.

Proper citation: CaDBase: Genetic diversity in cattle (RRID:SCR_008146) Copy   

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http://locus.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/bovmap/intro.pl

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 22, 2016. Database containing information on the cattle genome comprising loci list, phenes list, homology query, cattle maps, gene list, and chromosome homology. The objective of BovMap is to develop a set of anchored loci for the cattle genome map. In total, 58 clones were hybridized with chromosomes and identified loci on 22 of the 31 different bovine chromosomes. Three clones contained satellite DNA. Two or more markers were placed on 12 chromosomes. Sequencing of the microsatellites and flanking regions was performed directly from 43 cosmids, as previously reported. Primers were developed for 39 markers and used to describe the polymorphism associated with the corresponding loci. Users are also allowed to summit their own data for Bovmap. An integrated cytogenetic and meiotic map of the bovine genome has also been developed around the Bovmap database. One objective that Bovmap uses as the mapping strategy for the bovine genome uses large insert clones as a tool for physical mapping and as a source of highly polymorphic microsatellites for genetic typing.

Proper citation: BovMap Database (RRID:SCR_008145) Copy   

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http://www.genome.wisc.edu/

The E. coli Genome Project has the goal of completely sequencing the E. coli and human genomes. They began isolation of an overlapping lambda clonebank of E. coli K-12 strain MG1655. Those clones served as the starting material in our initial efforts to sequence the whole genome. Improvements in sequencing technology have since reached the point where whole-genome sequencing of microbial genomes is routine, and the human genome has in fact been completed. They initiated additional sequencing efforts, concentrating on pathogenic members of the family Enterobacteriaceae -- to which E. coli belongs. They also began a systematic functional characterization of E. coli K-12 genes and their regulation, using the whole genome sequence to address how the over 4000 genes of this organism act together to enable its survival in a wide range of environments.

Proper citation: E. coli Genome project (RRID:SCR_008139) Copy   

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http://mitores.ba.itb.cnr.it

MitoRes, is a comprehensive and reliable resource for massive extraction of sequences and sub-sequences of nuclear genes and encoded products targeting mitochondria in metazoa. It has been developed for supporting high-throughput in-silico analyses aimed to studies of functional genomics related to mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism and to their pathological dysfunctions. It integrates information from the most accredited world-wide databases to bring together gene, transcript and encoded protein sequences associated to annotations on species name and taxonomic classification, gene name, functional product, organelle localization, protein tissue specificity, Enzyme Classification (EC), Gene Ontology (GO) classification and links to other related public databases. The section Cluster, has been dedicated to the collection of data on protein clustering of the entire catalogue of MitoRes protein sequences based on all versus all global pair-wise alignments for assessing putative intra- and inter-species functional relationships. The current version of MitoRes is based on the UniProt release 4 and contains 64 different metazoan species. The incredible explosion of knowledge production in Biology in the past two decades has created a critical need for bioinformatic instruments able to manage data and facilitate their retrieval and analysis. Hundreds of biological databases have been produced and the integration of biological data from these different resources is very important when we want to focus our efforts towards the study of a particular layer of biological knowledge. MitoRes is a completely rebuilt edition of MitoNuc database, which has been extensively modified to deal successfully with the challenges of the post genomic era. Its goal is to represent a comprehensive and reliable resource supporting high-quality in-silico analyses aimed to the functional characterization of gene, transcript and amino acid sequences, encoded by the nuclear genome and involved in mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolism and pathological dysfunctions in metazoa. The central features of MitoRes are: # an integrated catalogue of protein, transcript and gene sequences and sub-sequences # a Web-based application composed of a wide spectrum of search/retrieval facilities # a sequence export manager allowing massive extraction of bio-sequences (genes, introns, exons, gene flanking regions, transcripts, UTRs, CDS, proteins and signal peptides) in FASTA, EMBL and GenBank formats. It is an interconnected knowledge management system based on a MySQL relational database, which ensures data consistency and integrity, and on a Web Graphical User Interface (GUI), built in Seagull PHP Framework, offering a wide range of search and sequence extraction facilities. The database is compiled extracting and integrating information from public resources and data generated by the MitoRes team. The MitoRes database consists of comprehensive sequence entries whose core data are protein, transcript and gene sequences and taxonomic information describing the biological source of the protein. Additional information include: bio-sequences structure and location, biological function of protein product and dynamic links to both, external public databases used as data resources and public databases reporting complementary information. The core entity of the MitoRes database is represented by the protein so that each MitoRes entry is generated for each protein reported in the UniProt database as a nuclear encoded protein involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Sponsors: MitoRes has been supported by Ministero Universit e Ricerca Scientifica, Italy (PRIN, Programma Biotecnologie legge 95/95-MURST 5, Proiect MURST Cluster C03/2000, CEGBA). Currently it is supported by operating grants from the Ministero dellIstruzione, dellUniversit e della Ricerca (MIUR), Italy (PNR 2001-2003 (FIRB art.8) D.M. 199, Strategic Program: Post-genome, grant 31-063933 and Project n.2, Cluster C03 L. 488/929).

Proper citation: MitoRes (RRID:SCR_008208) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/parasites/parasite-genome.html

This website contains information about the genomic sequence of parasites. It also contains multiple search engines to search six frame translations of parasite nucleotide databases for motifs, parasite protein databases for motifs, and parasite protein databases for keywords and text terms. * Guide to Internet Access to Parasite Genome Information * Guide to web-based analysis tools * Parasite Genome BLAST Server: Search a range of parasite specific nucleotide sequence databases with your own sequence. * Parasite Proteome Keyword Search Facility: Search parasite protein databases for keywords and text terms * Parasite Proteome Motif Search Facility: Search parasite protein databases for motifs * Parasite Six Frame Translation Motif Search Facility: Search six frame translations of parasite nucleotide databases for motifs * Genome computing resources: A list of ftp and gopher sites where genome computing applications and other resources can be found.

Proper citation: Parasite genome databases and genome research resources (RRID:SCR_008150) Copy   

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http://www.broad.mit.edu/mammals/dog

The genome of the domesticated dog, a close evolutionary relation to human, is a powerful new tool for understanding the human genome. Comparison of the dog with human and other mammals reveals key information about the structure and evolution of genes and genomes. The unique breeding history of dogs, with their extraordinary behavioral and physical diversity, offers the opportunity to find important genes underlying diseases shared between dogs and humans, such as cancer, diabetes, and epilepsy. The Canine Genome Sequencing Project produced a high-quality draft sequence of a female boxer named Tasha. By comparing Tasha with many other breeds, the project also compiled a comprehensive set of SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) useful in all dog breeds. These closely spaced genomic landmarks are critical for disease mapping. By comparing the dog, rodent, and human lineages, researchers at the Broad Institute uncovered exciting new information about human genes, their evolution, and the regulatory mechanisms governing their expression. Using SNPs, researchers describe the strikingly different haplotype structure in dog breeds compared with the entire dog population. In addition, they show that by understanding the patterns of variation in dog breeds, scientists can design powerful gene mapping experiments for complex diseases that are difficult to map in human populations. Contribute Although the astounding generosity of Eli and Edythe L. Broad and several other venture philanthropists empowers our scientists to tackle many of the most important problems at the cutting edge of genomic medicine, there are many other critical challenges that they cannot yet pursue because of limited resources. We need additional visionary partners to join the Broads and the Broad Institute in transforming medicine with the power of genomics.

Proper citation: Dog Genome Project (RRID:SCR_008486) Copy   

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http://www.hgsc.bcm.tmc.edu/content/bovine-genome-project

Downloadable files of the bos taurus genome. Draft assemblies available for download as contigs or linearized scaffolds of the genomic sequence of cow, Bos taurus, including the final draft assembly (7.1 coverage) and the two previous assemblies. The genome is sequenced to 6- to 8-fold sequence depth, with high-quality finished sequence in some areas. Accompanying EST and SNP analyses is also included. The bovine genome assembly and analysis and the study of cattle genetic history were published in April 24, 2009 issue of Science. The Human Genome Sequencing Center provides BLAST searches of the genome assemblies, either as contigs or as linearized chromosome sequences. The WGS sequence enriched BAC assemblies and the unassembled reads (sequencing reads that did not end up in the genome assembly) can also be searched by BLAST. Traces are available from the NCBI Trace Archive by using the link in the sidebar or by using NCBI MegaBLAST with a same species or cross species query.

Proper citation: Bovine Genome Project (RRID:SCR_008370) Copy   

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http://roadmapepigenomics.org/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on July 11, 2022. Project for human epigenomic data from experimental pipelines built around next-generation sequencing technologies to map DNA methylation, histone modifications, chromatin accessibility and small RNA transcripts in stem cells and primary ex vivo tissues selected to represent normal counterparts of tissues and organ systems frequently involved in human disease. Consortium expects to deliver collection of normal epigenomes that will provide framework or reference for comparison and integration within broad array of future studies. Consortium is also committed to development, standardization and dissemination of protocols, reagents and analytical tools to enable research community to utilize, integrate and expand upon this body of data.

Proper citation: Roadmap Epigenomics Project (RRID:SCR_008924) Copy   

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https://www.mtocdb.org/?next=/browse/results/

A database of over 300 Electron Microscopy (EM) images of centrioles and centriole related structures from almost 60 species, described by a controlled vocabulary allowing detailed description of the observed structures. This knowledge is supplemented by a manually curated list of proteins known to be involved in centriole assembly, their (putative) orthologs, and localization information. mtocDB aims to characterize the naturally occurring morphological variation observed in centrioles and centriole associated structure alongside molecular information on the proteins involved in their assembly. Examining these in an evolutionary context will allow the cell biology community to infer meaningful relationships between cellular assembly mechanisms and the structures they form. This community resource for cell biologists interested in the the evolution of centrioles and centriole related structures aims to bridge the gap between structural morphology and molecular function by examining naturally occurring structural variation in a phylogenomic context. Centrioles are cylindrical microtubule arrays required for stability and duplication of the centrosome in animal cells, and for the assembly of cilia and flagella in many eukaryotes. The presence of centrioles throughout most eukaryotic branches suggests that this structure was present in the last eukaryotic common ancestor. Although centrioles show a typically well conserved structure, they can perform several functions and display a diversity of accessory structures. However, this diversity is not properly classified beyond model organisms, and the information contained in decades of electronic microscopy of other organisms remains untapped.

Proper citation: mtocDB (RRID:SCR_008933) Copy   

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