Cytosolic DNA activates cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS), an innate immune sensor pivotal in anti-microbial defense, senescence, auto-immunity, and cancer. cGAS is considered to be a sequence-independent DNA sensor with limited access to nuclear DNA because of compartmentalization. However, the nuclear envelope is a dynamic barrier, and cGAS is present in the nucleus. Here, we identify determinants of nuclear cGAS localization and activation. We show that nuclear-localized cGAS synthesizes cGAMP and induces innate immune activation of dendritic cells, although cGAMP levels are 200-fold lower than following transfection with exogenous DNA. Using cGAS ChIP-seq and a GFP-cGAS knockin mouse, we find nuclear cGAS enrichment on centromeric satellite DNA, confirmed by imaging, and to a lesser extent on LINE elements. The non-enzymatic N-terminal domain of cGAS determines nucleo-cytoplasmic localization, enrichment on centromeres, and activation of nuclear-localized cGAS. These results reveal a preferential functional association of nuclear cGAS with centromeres.
Pubmed ID: 30811988 RIS Download
Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.
Set of software modules for performing common ChIP-seq data analysis tasks across the whole genome, including positional correlation analysis, peak detection, and genome partitioning into signal-rich and signal-poor regions. The tools are designed to be simple, fast and highly modular. Each program carries out a well defined data processing procedure that can potentially fit into a pipeline framework. ChIP-Seq is also freely available on a Web interface.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 23,2022. Software tools for modeling genetic ancestry based on the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) information. This package of functions helps the user account for genetic ancestry of a large number of individuals using spectral graph theory and projections to break a large problem into smaller pieces and calculate genetic ancestry information efficiently, i.e., a divide and conquer (dac) strategy. It is completely written in R and runs on any platform that supports R.
View all literature mentionsNon-profit plasmid repository dedicated to helping scientists around the world share high-quality plasmids. Facilitates archiving and distributing DNA-based research reagents and associated data to scientists worldwide. Repository contains over 65,000 plasmids, including special collections on CRISPR, fluorescent proteins, and ready-to-use viral preparations. There is no cost for scientists to deposit plasmids, which saves time and money associated with shipping plasmids themselves. All plasmids are fully sequenced for validation and sequencing data is openly available. We handle the appropriate Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) with institutions, facilitating open exchange and offering intellectual property and liability protection for depositing scientists. Furthermore, we curate free educational resources for the scientific community including a blog, eBooks, video protocols, and detailed molecular biology resources.
View all literature mentionsOriginal SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for automated microscope acquisition, device control, and image analysis. Used for integrating dissimilar fluorescent microscope hardware and peripherals into a single custom workstation, while providing all the tools needed to perform analysis of acquired images. Offers user friendly application modules for analysis such as cell signaling, cell counting, and protein expression.
View all literature mentionsOpen source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.
View all literature mentionsSoftware ultrafast memory efficient tool for aligning sequencing reads. Bowtie is short read aligner.
View all literature mentionsA powerful toolset for genome arithmetic allowing one to address common genomics tasks such as finding feature overlaps and computing coverage. Bedtools allows one to intersect, merge, count, complement, and shuffle genomic intervals from multiple files in widely-used genomic file formats such as BAM, BED, GFF/GTF, VCF. While each individual tool is designed to do a relatively simple task (e.g., intersect two interval files), quite sophisticated analyses can be conducted by combining multiple bedtools operations on the UNIX command line.
View all literature mentionsCommercial vendor and service provider of laboratory reagents and antibodies. Supplier of scientific instrumentation, reagents and consumables, and software services.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsA clustering software package for identification of enriched domains from histone modification ChIP-Seq data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tools for Motif Discovery and next-gen sequencing analysis. Used for analyzing ChIP-Seq, GRO-Seq, RNA-Seq, DNase-Seq, Hi-C and numerous other types of functional genomics sequencing data sets. Collection of command line programs for unix style operating systems written in Perl and C++.
View all literature mentionsA generic alignment format for storing read alignments against reference sequences, supporting short and long reads (up to 128 Mbp) produced by different sequencing platforms.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool that screens DNA sequences for interspersed repeats and low complexity DNA sequences. The output of the program is a detailed annotation of the repeats that are present in the query sequence as well as a modified version of the query sequence in which all the annotated repeats have been masked (default: replaced by Ns). Currently over 56% of human genomic sequence is identified and masked by the program. Sequence comparisons in RepeatMasker are performed by one of several popular search engines including nhmmer, cross_match, ABBlast/WUBlast, RMBlast and Decypher. RepeatMasker makes use of curated libraries of repeats and currently supports Dfam ( profile HMM library ) and RepBase ( consensus sequence library ).
View all literature mentionsA program to merge paired end Illumina reads that are overlapping into a single longer read.
View all literature mentionslaboratory mouse with name C57BL/6N from MGI.
View all literature mentionsCell line GM12878 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsCell line HeLa S3 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD169 (Siglec-1)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets donkey anti-goat IgG-HRP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H + L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Mouse IgG, Fc? Fragment Specific
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Centromere
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets GFP Antibody Dylight 488 Conjugated Pre-Adsorbed
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Human CENP-A
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Calnexin pAb
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CENP-B (C-10)
View all literature mentionsThis isotype control targets Not Applicable
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets LMNB1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Lamin A/C (H-110)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Human STING/TMEM173 MAb (Clone 723505)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets alpha Tubulin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets cGAS
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD11c
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets actin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD11b
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Vinculin antibody produced in mouse
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD86 (B7-2)
View all literature mentionsCell line HL116 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293-FT is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line U2OS is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HeLa is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line THP-1 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD169 (Siglec-1)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD169 (Siglec-1)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD86 (B7-2)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets actin
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293-FT is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line U2OS is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HeLa is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD11b
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CD11c
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Vinculin antibody produced in mouse
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets alpha Tubulin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Lamin A/C (H-110)
View all literature mentionsCell line HL116 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Human STING/TMEM173 MAb (Clone 723505)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets LMNB1
View all literature mentions