Glucocorticoids are potent and widely used medicines but often cause metabolic side effects. A murine model of corticosterone treatment resulted in increased hypothalamic expression of the melanocortin antagonist AgRP in parallel with obesity and hyperglycemia. We investigated how these adverse effects develop over time, with particular emphasis on hypothalamic involvement. Wild-type and Agrp-/- male mice were treated with corticosterone for 3 weeks. Phenotypic, biochemical, protein, and mRNA analyses were undertaken on central and peripheral tissues, including white and brown adipose tissue, liver, and muscle, to determine the metabolic consequences. Corticosterone treatment induced hyperphagia within 1 day in wild-type mice, which persisted for 3 weeks. Despite this early increase in food intake, the body weight only started to increase after 10 days. Hyperinsulinemia occurred at day 1. Also, although after 2 days, alterations were present in the genes often associated with insulin resistance in several peripheral tissues, hyperglycemia only developed at 3 weeks. Throughout, sustained elevation in hypothalamic Agrp expression was present. Mice with Agrp deleted [using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9, Agrp-/-] were partially protected against corticosterone-induced hyperphagia. However, Agrp-/- mice still had corticosterone-induced increases in body weight and adiposity similar to those of the Agrp+/+ mice. Loss of Agrp did not diminish corticosterone-induced hyperinsulinemia or correct changes in hepatic gluconeogenic genes. Chronic glucocorticoid treatment in mice mimics many of the metabolic side effects seen in patients and leads to a robust increase in Agrp. However, AgRP does not appear to be responsible for most of the glucocorticoid-induced adverse metabolic effects.
Pubmed ID: 30794724 RIS Download
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A tool to design target-specific primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It uses Primer3 to design PCR primers and then uses BLAST and global alignment algorithm to screen primers against user-selected database in order to avoid primer pairs (all combinations including forward-reverse primer pair, forward-forward as well as reverse-reverse pairs) that can cause non-specific amplifications.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.
View all literature mentionslaboratory mouse with name B6D2F1 from MGI.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name DBA/2J from IMSR.
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View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 28,2023. Software application which can analyze basic Western blot data and export them for use in spreadsheet programs. Users can create standardized or custom lab reports and can share them with colleagues. Image Studio Lite has been discontinued and replaced with Empiria Studio Software.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package used for interactive, or batched, statistical analysis in social science, health sciences and marketing. Software platform offers advanced statistical analysis, a library of machine-learning algorithms, text analysis, open-source extensibility, integration with big data and deployment into applications.Versions that were produced by SPSS Inc. before the IBM acquisition (Versions 18 and earlier) would be given origin or publisher of SPSS Inc. in Chicago.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package used for interactive, or batched, statistical analysis in social science, health sciences and marketing. Software platform offers advanced statistical analysis, a library of machine-learning algorithms, text analysis, open-source extensibility, integration with big data and deployment into applications.Versions that were produced by SPSS Inc. before the IBM acquisition (Versions 18 and earlier) would be given origin or publisher of SPSS Inc. in Chicago.
View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on September 28,2023. Software application which can analyze basic Western blot data and export them for use in spreadsheet programs. Users can create standardized or custom lab reports and can share them with colleagues. Image Studio Lite has been discontinued and replaced with Empiria Studio Software.
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets IgG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets UCP1
View all literature mentions