Hypothalamic melanocortin neurons play a pivotal role in weight regulation. Here, we examined the contribution of Semaphorin 3 (SEMA3) signaling to the development of these circuits. In genetic studies, we found 40 rare variants in SEMA3A-G and their receptors (PLXNA1-4; NRP1-2) in 573 severely obese individuals; variants disrupted secretion and/or signaling through multiple molecular mechanisms. Rare variants in this set of genes were significantly enriched in 982 severely obese cases compared to 4,449 controls. In a zebrafish mutagenesis screen, deletion of 7 genes in this pathway led to increased somatic growth and/or adiposity demonstrating that disruption of Semaphorin 3 signaling perturbs energy homeostasis. In mice, deletion of the Neuropilin-2 receptor in Pro-opiomelanocortin neurons disrupted their projections from the arcuate to the paraventricular nucleus, reduced energy expenditure, and caused weight gain. Cumulatively, these studies demonstrate that SEMA3-mediated signaling drives the development of hypothalamic melanocortin circuits involved in energy homeostasis.
Pubmed ID: 30661757 RIS Download
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A contract research organization providing drug development and animal testing services. Under the name Covance Research Products Inc., based in Denver, Pennsylvania, the company also deals in the import, breeding and sale of laboratory animals. It breeds dogs, rabbits, guinea pigs, non-human primates, and pigs, and runs the largest non-human primate laboratory in Germany. (Wikipedia)
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as multiple sequence alignment tool that uses seeded guide trees and HMM profile-profile techniques to generate alignments between three or more sequences. Accepts nucleic acid or protein sequences in multiple sequence formats NBRF/PIR, EMBL/UniProt, Pearson (FASTA), GDE, ALN/Clustal, GCG/MSF, RSF.
View all literature mentionsOpen source whole genome association analysis toolset, designed to perform range of basic, large scale analyses in computationally efficient manner. Used for analysis of genotype/phenotype data. Through integration with gPLINK and Haploview, there is some support for subsequent visualization, annotation and storage of results. PLINK 1.9 is improved and second generation of the software.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsCollection of data of protein sequence and functional information. Resource for protein sequence and annotation data. Consortium for preservation of the UniProt databases: UniProt Knowledgebase (UniProtKB), UniProt Reference Clusters (UniRef), and UniProt Archive (UniParc), UniProt Proteomes. Collaboration between European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and Protein Information Resource. Swiss-Prot is a curated subset of UniProtKB.
View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.
View all literature mentionsCommercial vendor and service provider of laboratory reagents and antibodies. Supplier of scientific instrumentation, reagents and consumables, and software services.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsAmerican chemical, life science and biotechnology company owned by Merck KGaA. Merger of Sigma Chemical Company and Aldrich Chemical Company. Provides organic and inorganic chemicals, building blocks, reagents, advanced materials and stable isotopes for chemical synthesis, medicinal chemistry and materials science, antibiotics, buffers, carbohydrates, enzymes, forensic tools, hematology and histology, nucleotides, proteins, peptides, amino acids and their derivatives.
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View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line U-87MG ATCC is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HUVEC-C is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line COS-7 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus aethiops (Green monkey)
View all literature mentionsCell line HUVEC-C is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets IgG
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Perilipin A / B
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Digoxigenin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone, alpha (alpha-MSH)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NPY
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Neuronal Class III beta-Tubulin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Human Neuropilin-2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Human Neuropilin-1 Affinity Purified Ab
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis recombinant polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CANX
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets beta-Actin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets Immunoglobulins
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Goat Mouse IgG (H L)-HRP Conjugate
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GLU-GLU
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets FLAG??
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets IgG
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone, alpha (alpha-MSH)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NPY
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Perilipin A / B
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Neuronal Class III beta-Tubulin
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Digoxigenin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Human Neuropilin-2
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Human Neuropilin-1 Affinity Purified Ab
View all literature mentionsThis recombinant polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets CANX
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets beta-Actin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets GLU-GLU
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets Immunoglobulins
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets FLAG??
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Goat Mouse IgG (H L)-HRP Conjugate
View all literature mentions