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TRIM28 promotes HIV-1 latency by SUMOylating CDK9 and inhibiting P-TEFb.

eLife | 2019

Comprehensively elucidating the molecular mechanisms of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) latency is a priority to achieve a functional cure. As current 'shock' agents failed to efficiently reactivate the latent reservoir, it is important to discover new targets for developing more efficient latency-reversing agents (LRAs). Here, we found that TRIM28 potently suppresses HIV-1 expression by utilizing both SUMO E3 ligase activity and epigenetic adaptor function. Through global site-specific SUMO-MS study and serial SUMOylation assays, we identified that P-TEFb catalytic subunit CDK9 is significantly SUMOylated by TRIM28 with SUMO4. The Lys44, Lys56 and Lys68 residues on CDK9 are SUMOylated by TRIM28, which inhibits CDK9 kinase activity or prevents P-TEFb assembly by directly blocking the interaction between CDK9 and Cyclin T1, subsequently inhibits viral transcription and contributes to HIV-1 latency. The manipulation of TRIM28 and its consequent SUMOylation pathway could be the target for developing LRAs.

Pubmed ID: 30652970 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: National Special Research Program of China for Important Infectious Diseases, International
    Id: 2018ZX10302103
  • Agency: National Special Research Program of China for Important Infectious Diseases, International
    Id: 2017ZX10202102
  • Agency: National Natural Science Foundation of China, International
    Id: 81730060
  • Agency: National Natural Science Foundation of China, International
    Id: 81561128007
  • Agency: Joint-innovation Program in Healthcare for Special Scientific Research Projects of Guangzhou, International
    Id: 201803040002
  • Agency: Important Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of China, International
    Id: 81730060
  • Agency: International Collaboration Program of Natural Science Foundation of China and US NIH, International
    Id: 81561128007

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