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The TFAP2C-Regulated OCT4 Naive Enhancer Is Involved in Human Germline Formation.

Cell reports | 2018

Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs) are the first embryonic progenitors in the germ cell lineage, yet the molecular mechanisms required for hPGC formation are not well characterized. To identify regulatory regions in hPGC development, we used the assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) to systematically characterize regions of open chromatin in hPGCs and hPGC-like cells (hPGCLCs) differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). We discovered regions of open chromatin unique to hPGCs and hPGCLCs that significantly overlap with TFAP2C-bound enhancers identified in the naive ground state of pluripotency. Using CRISPR/Cas9, we show that deleting the TFAP2C-bound naive enhancer at the OCT4 locus (also called POU5F1) results in impaired OCT4 expression and a negative effect on hPGCLC identity.

Pubmed ID: 30590035 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NICHD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 HD079546
  • Agency: NICHD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R24 HD000836

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


SAMTOOLS (tool)

RRID:SCR_002105

Original SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.

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Bowtie (tool)

RRID:SCR_005476

Software ultrafast memory efficient tool for aligning sequencing reads. Bowtie is short read aligner.

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HTSeq (tool)

RRID:SCR_005514

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software Python package that provides infrastructure to process data from high-throughput sequencing assays. While the main purpose of HTSeq is to allow you to write your own analysis scripts, customized to your needs, there are also a couple of stand-alone scripts for common tasks that can be used without any Python knowledge.

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PeproTech (tool)

RRID:SCR_006802

An Antibody supplier

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QIAGEN (tool)

RRID:SCR_008539

A commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.

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Millipore (tool)

RRID:SCR_008983

An Antibody supplier

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HOMER (tool)

RRID:SCR_010881

Software tools for Motif Discovery and next-gen sequencing analysis. Used for analyzing ChIP-Seq, GRO-Seq, RNA-Seq, DNase-Seq, Hi-C and numerous other types of functional genomics sequencing data sets. Collection of command line programs for unix style operating systems written in Perl and C++.

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Abcam (tool)

RRID:SCR_012931

A commercial antibody supplier which supplies primary and secondary antibodies, biochemicals, proteins, peptides, lysates, immunoassays and other kits.

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Neuromics (tool)

RRID:SCR_013518

An Antibody supplier

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ggplot2 (tool)

RRID:SCR_014601

Open source software package for statistical programming language R to create plots based on grammar of graphics. Used for data visualization to break up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers.

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Addgene (tool)

RRID:SCR_002037

Non-profit plasmid repository dedicated to helping scientists around the world share high-quality plasmids. Facilitates archiving and distributing DNA-based research reagents and associated data to scientists worldwide. Repository contains over 65,000 plasmids, including special collections on CRISPR, fluorescent proteins, and ready-to-use viral preparations. There is no cost for scientists to deposit plasmids, which saves time and money associated with shipping plasmids themselves. All plasmids are fully sequenced for validation and sequencing data is openly available. We handle the appropriate Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) with institutions, facilitating open exchange and offering intellectual property and liability protection for depositing scientists. Furthermore, we curate free educational resources for the scientific community including a blog, eBooks, video protocols, and detailed molecular biology resources.

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Adobe Illustrator (tool)

RRID:SCR_010279

Vector graphics software to create digital graphics, illustrations, and typography for several types of media: print, web, interactive, video, and mobile.

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BD Biosciences (tool)

RRID:SCR_013311

An Antibody supplier

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Adobe Photoshop (tool)

RRID:SCR_014199

Software for image processing, analysis, and editing. The software includes features such as touch capabilities, a customizable toolbar, 2D and 3D image merging, and Cloud access and options.

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AP2 gamma antibody [EP2692Y] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1309954

This monoclonal targets Human AP2 gamma

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Histone H3 antibody [mAbcam 10799] - ChIP Grade (antibody)

RRID:AB_470239

This monoclonal targets Histone H3 antibody [mAbcam 10799] - ChIP Grade

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Alkaline Phosphatase (antibody)

RRID:AB_10645791

This monoclonal targets Alkaline Phosphatase

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Human KLF4 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (antibody)

RRID:AB_2130224

This polyclonal targets Human KLF4 Affinity Purified Ab

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TFAP2C-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_2286995

This polyclonal targets TFAP2C

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Oct-3/4 (N-19) (antibody)

RRID:AB_653551

This polyclonal targets POU5F1

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Human BLIMP1/PRDM1 MAb (Clone 646702) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10718104

This monoclonal targets Human BLIMP1/PRDM1 MAb (Clone 646702)

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PRDM1-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_2169699

This unknown targets PRDM1

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AP-2gamma (6E4/4) (antibody)

RRID:AB_667770

This monoclonal targets Human TFAP2C

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Human KLF4 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (antibody)

RRID:AB_2130224

This polyclonal targets Human KLF4 Affinity Purified Ab

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PRDM1-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_2169699

This unknown targets PRDM1

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Oct-3/4 (N-19) (antibody)

RRID:AB_653551

This polyclonal targets POU5F1

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Human BLIMP1/PRDM1 MAb (Clone 646702) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10718104

This monoclonal targets Human BLIMP1/PRDM1 MAb (Clone 646702)

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Alkaline Phosphatase (antibody)

RRID:AB_10645791

This monoclonal targets Alkaline Phosphatase

View all literature mentions

AP-2gamma (6E4/4) (antibody)

RRID:AB_667770

This monoclonal targets Human TFAP2C

View all literature mentions

TFAP2C-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_2286995

This polyclonal targets TFAP2C

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AP2 gamma antibody [EP2692Y] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1309954

This monoclonal targets Human AP2 gamma

View all literature mentions

Histone H3 antibody [mAbcam 10799] - ChIP Grade (antibody)

RRID:AB_470239

This monoclonal targets Histone H3 antibody [mAbcam 10799] - ChIP Grade

View all literature mentions