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Structural Remodeling of the Human Colonic Mesenchyme in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Cell | 2018

Intestinal mesenchymal cells play essential roles in epithelial homeostasis, matrix remodeling, immunity, and inflammation. But the extent of heterogeneity within the colonic mesenchyme in these processes remains unknown. Using unbiased single-cell profiling of over 16,500 colonic mesenchymal cells, we reveal four subsets of fibroblasts expressing divergent transcriptional regulators and functional pathways, in addition to pericytes and myofibroblasts. We identified a niche population located in proximity to epithelial crypts expressing SOX6, F3 (CD142), and WNT genes essential for colonic epithelial stem cell function. In colitis, we observed dysregulation of this niche and emergence of an activated mesenchymal population. This subset expressed TNF superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14), fibroblastic reticular cell-associated genes, IL-33, and Lysyl oxidases. Further, it induced factors that impaired epithelial proliferation and maturation and contributed to oxidative stress and disease severity in vivo. Our work defines how the colonic mesenchyme remodels to fuel inflammation and barrier dysfunction in IBD.

Pubmed ID: 30270042 RIS Download

Research resources used in this publication

Antibodies used in this publication

Associated grants

  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MC_UU_12009/16
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MR/M00919X/1
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MC_UU_00008/7
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MC_UU_12010/7
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MR/L006340/1
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MC_UU_00016/15
  • Agency: Department of Health, United Kingdom
    Id: NIHR-RP-R3-12-026
  • Agency: Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom
    Id: 102974/Z/13/Z
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: G84/6443
  • Agency: Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom

Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.

This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Bioconductor (tool)

RRID:SCR_006442

Software repository for R packages related to analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data. Uses separate set of commands for installation of packages. Software project based on R programming language that provides tools for analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data.

View all literature mentions

PeproTech (tool)

RRID:SCR_006802

An Antibody supplier

View all literature mentions

QIAGEN (tool)

RRID:SCR_008539

A commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.

View all literature mentions

Subread (tool)

RRID:SCR_009803

Software package for high-performance read alignment, quantification and mutation discovery.General purpose read aligner which can be used to map both genomic DNA-seq reads and RNA-seq reads. Subread aligner as fast, accurate and scalable read mapping by seed-and-vote.These programs were also implemented in Bioconductor R package Rsubread.

View all literature mentions

Bioinformatic Harvester IV (beta) at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (tool)

RRID:SCR_008017

Harvester is a Web-based tool that bulk-collects bioinformatic data on human proteins from various databases and prediction servers. It is a meta search engine for gene and protein information. It searches 16 major databases and prediction servers and combines the results on pregenerated HTML pages. In this way Harvester can provide comprehensive gene-protein information from different servers in a convenient and fast manner. As full text meta search engine, similar to Google trade mark, Harvester allows screening of the whole genome proteome for current protein functions and predictions in a few seconds. With Harvester it is now possible to compare and check the quality of different database entries and prediction algorithms on a single page. Sponsors: This work has been supported by the BMBF with grants 01GR0101 and 01KW0013.

View all literature mentions

FlowJo (tool)

RRID:SCR_008520

Software for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.

View all literature mentions

Miltenyi Biotec (tool)

RRID:SCR_008984

An Organization portal, Antibody supplier, Service resource,

View all literature mentions

MP Biomedicals (tool)

RRID:SCR_013308

An Antibody supplier

View all literature mentions

ZEB2-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_10603840

This polyclonal targets ZEB2

View all literature mentions

Human OSF-2/Periostin MAb (Clone 345613) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2252599

This monoclonal targets Human OSF-2 / Periostin

View all literature mentions

Anti-ZEB1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665569

This monoclonal targets ZEB1

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD31/PECAM-1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737262

This unknown targets CD31/PECAM-1

View all literature mentions

SOX6 antibody [155C5a] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1861338

This monoclonal targets Human SOX6

View all literature mentions

Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229755

This monoclonal targets Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227)

View all literature mentions

FDCSP antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11127721

This polyclonal targets FDCSP antibody

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD326/EpCAM (9C4) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2687653

This monoclonal targets CD326/EpCAM

View all literature mentions

IL-33 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737261

This monoclonal targets IL-33

View all literature mentions

PE anti-human CD326 (Ep-CAM) (antibody)

RRID:AB_756079

This monoclonal targets CD326

View all literature mentions

Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10972647

This monoclonal targets Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914)

View all literature mentions

CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1140036

This monoclonal targets CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2]

View all literature mentions

Anti-SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit (antibody)

RRID:AB_10600811

This polyclonal targets SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit

View all literature mentions

Anti-F3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665858

This monoclonal targets F3

View all literature mentions

ImmPACT VIP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2336525

This unknown targets

View all literature mentions

Leucocyte Common Antigen (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314143

This monoclonal targets 2B11: Isolated neoplastic cells from a case of T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia (1). PD7/26: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes maintained in T-cell growth factor (1).

View all literature mentions

Human ZEB2/SIP1 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737260

This monoclonal targets ZEB2/SIP1

View all literature mentions

Human SOX6 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737259

This monoclonal targets SOX6

View all literature mentions

Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229909

This polyclonal targets Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Ab

View all literature mentions

RandomForest Package in R (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015718

Software package for classification and regression based on a forest of trees using random inputs.

View all literature mentions

Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003302

Software R package for weighted correlation network analysis. WGCNA is also available as point-and-click application. Unfortunately this application is not maintained anymore. It is known to have compatibility problems with R-2.8.x and newer, and the methods it implements are not all state of the art.

View all literature mentions

Rtsne (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016342

Software as R wrapper for Van der Maaten's Barnes-Hut implementation of t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding. Used for high-dimentional data visualisation.

View all literature mentions

skewer (data processing software)

RRID:SCR_001151

Software program for adapter trimming that is specially designed for processing Illumina paired-end sequences.

View all literature mentions

scater (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015954

Software toolkit for doing various analyses of single-cell RNA-seq gene expression data, with a focus on quality control. This package facilitates pre-processing, quality control, normalization and visualization of scRNA-seq data.

View all literature mentions

RUVSeq (software resource)

RRID:SCR_006263

Software package that implements the remove unwanted variation (RUV) methods for the normalization of RNA-Seq read counts between samples.

View all literature mentions

Picard (software toolkit)

RRID:SCR_006525

Java toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.

View all literature mentions

MultiQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014982

Data aggregate that compiles results from bioinformatics analyses across multiple samples into a single report. It is written in Python.

View all literature mentions

HISAT2 (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015530

Graph-based alignment of next generation sequencing reads to a population of genomes.

View all literature mentions

featureCounts (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012919

A read summarization program, which counts mapped reads for the genomic features such as genes and exons.

View all literature mentions

FastQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014583

Quality control software that perform checks on raw sequence data coming from high throughput sequencing pipelines. This software also provides a modular set of analyses which can give a quick impression of the quality of the data prior to further analysis.

View all literature mentions

Ensembl (software resource)

RRID:SCR_002344

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

View all literature mentions

Seurat (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016341

Software as R package designed for QC, analysis, and exploration of single cell RNA-seq data. Enable users to identify and interpret sources of heterogeneity from single cell transcriptomic measurements, and to integrate diverse types of single cell data.

View all literature mentions

sva package (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012836

Contains functions for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiment.

View all literature mentions

RAW 264.7 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0493

Cell line RAW 264.7 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

View all literature mentions

L Wnt-3A (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0635

Cell line L Wnt-3A is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)

View all literature mentions

RandomForest Package in R (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015718

Software package for classification and regression based on a forest of trees using random inputs.

View all literature mentions

Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003302

Software R package for weighted correlation network analysis. WGCNA is also available as point-and-click application. Unfortunately this application is not maintained anymore. It is known to have compatibility problems with R-2.8.x and newer, and the methods it implements are not all state of the art.

View all literature mentions

Rtsne (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016342

Software as R wrapper for Van der Maaten's Barnes-Hut implementation of t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding. Used for high-dimentional data visualisation.

View all literature mentions

skewer (data processing software)

RRID:SCR_001151

Software program for adapter trimming that is specially designed for processing Illumina paired-end sequences.

View all literature mentions

scater (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015954

Software toolkit for doing various analyses of single-cell RNA-seq gene expression data, with a focus on quality control. This package facilitates pre-processing, quality control, normalization and visualization of scRNA-seq data.

View all literature mentions

RUVSeq (software resource)

RRID:SCR_006263

Software package that implements the remove unwanted variation (RUV) methods for the normalization of RNA-Seq read counts between samples.

View all literature mentions

Picard (software toolkit)

RRID:SCR_006525

Java toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.

View all literature mentions

MultiQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014982

Data aggregate that compiles results from bioinformatics analyses across multiple samples into a single report. It is written in Python.

View all literature mentions

HISAT2 (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015530

Graph-based alignment of next generation sequencing reads to a population of genomes.

View all literature mentions

featureCounts (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012919

A read summarization program, which counts mapped reads for the genomic features such as genes and exons.

View all literature mentions

FastQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014583

Quality control software that perform checks on raw sequence data coming from high throughput sequencing pipelines. This software also provides a modular set of analyses which can give a quick impression of the quality of the data prior to further analysis.

View all literature mentions

Ensembl (software resource)

RRID:SCR_002344

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

View all literature mentions

Seurat (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016341

Software as R package designed for QC, analysis, and exploration of single cell RNA-seq data. Enable users to identify and interpret sources of heterogeneity from single cell transcriptomic measurements, and to integrate diverse types of single cell data.

View all literature mentions

sva package (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012836

Contains functions for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiment.

View all literature mentions

C57BL/6J (organism)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:000664

Mus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.

View all literature mentions

RAW 264.7 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0493

Cell line RAW 264.7 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

View all literature mentions

L Wnt-3A (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0635

Cell line L Wnt-3A is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)

View all literature mentions

ImmPACT VIP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2336525

This unknown targets

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD31/PECAM-1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737262

This unknown targets CD31/PECAM-1

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD326/EpCAM (9C4) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2687653

This monoclonal targets CD326/EpCAM

View all literature mentions

CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1140036

This monoclonal targets CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2]

View all literature mentions

Anti-SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit (antibody)

RRID:AB_10600811

This polyclonal targets SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit

View all literature mentions

Anti-F3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665858

This monoclonal targets F3

View all literature mentions

Human OSF-2/Periostin MAb (Clone 345613) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2252599

This monoclonal targets Human OSF-2 / Periostin

View all literature mentions

Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229755

This monoclonal targets Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227)

View all literature mentions

IL-33 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737261

This monoclonal targets IL-33

View all literature mentions

Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10972647

This monoclonal targets Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914)

View all literature mentions

ZEB2-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_10603840

This polyclonal targets ZEB2

View all literature mentions

Anti-ZEB1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665569

This monoclonal targets ZEB1

View all literature mentions

SOX6 antibody [155C5a] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1861338

This monoclonal targets Human SOX6

View all literature mentions

FDCSP antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11127721

This polyclonal targets FDCSP antibody

View all literature mentions

PE anti-human CD326 (Ep-CAM) (antibody)

RRID:AB_756079

This monoclonal targets CD326

View all literature mentions

Leucocyte Common Antigen (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314143

This monoclonal targets 2B11: Isolated neoplastic cells from a case of T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia (1). PD7/26: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes maintained in T-cell growth factor (1).

View all literature mentions

Human SOX6 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737259

This monoclonal targets SOX6

View all literature mentions

Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229909

This polyclonal targets Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Ab

View all literature mentions

Anti-F3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665858

This monoclonal targets F3

View all literature mentions

FDCSP antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11127721

This polyclonal targets FDCSP antibody

View all literature mentions

Anti-SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit (antibody)

RRID:AB_10600811

This polyclonal targets SMAD7 antibody produced in rabbit

View all literature mentions

Human SOX6 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737259

This monoclonal targets SOX6

View all literature mentions

Anti-ZEB1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2665569

This monoclonal targets ZEB1

View all literature mentions

SOX6 antibody [155C5a] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1861338

This monoclonal targets Human SOX6

View all literature mentions

ZEB2-human (antibody)

RRID:AB_10603840

This polyclonal targets ZEB2

View all literature mentions

Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Polyclonal Ab (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229909

This polyclonal targets Human/Mouse COX-2 Affinity Purified Ab

View all literature mentions

PE anti-human CD326 (Ep-CAM) (antibody)

RRID:AB_756079

This monoclonal targets CD326

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD31/PECAM-1 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737262

This unknown targets CD31/PECAM-1

View all literature mentions

Leucocyte Common Antigen (antibody)

RRID:AB_2314143

This monoclonal targets 2B11: Isolated neoplastic cells from a case of T-cell lymphoma/leukaemia (1). PD7/26: Human peripheral blood lymphocytes maintained in T-cell growth factor (1).

View all literature mentions

Anti-Human CD326/EpCAM (9C4) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2687653

This monoclonal targets CD326/EpCAM

View all literature mentions

CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1140036

This monoclonal targets CD45R antibody [RA3-6B2]

View all literature mentions

Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10972647

This monoclonal targets Human ZEB1 MAb (Clone 639914)

View all literature mentions

Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2229755

This monoclonal targets Human Clusterin MAb (Clone 350227)

View all literature mentions

L Wnt-3A (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0635

Cell line L Wnt-3A is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)

View all literature mentions

RAW 264.7 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0493

Cell line RAW 264.7 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

View all literature mentions

ImmPACT VIP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2336525

This unknown targets

View all literature mentions

RandomForest Package in R (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015718

Software package for classification and regression based on a forest of trees using random inputs.

View all literature mentions

MultiQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014982

Data aggregate that compiles results from bioinformatics analyses across multiple samples into a single report. It is written in Python.

View all literature mentions

featureCounts (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012919

A read summarization program, which counts mapped reads for the genomic features such as genes and exons.

View all literature mentions

HISAT2 (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015530

Graph-based alignment of next generation sequencing reads to a population of genomes.

View all literature mentions

Picard (software toolkit)

RRID:SCR_006525

Java toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.

View all literature mentions

FastQC (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014583

Quality control software that perform checks on raw sequence data coming from high throughput sequencing pipelines. This software also provides a modular set of analyses which can give a quick impression of the quality of the data prior to further analysis.

View all literature mentions

Ensembl (software resource)

RRID:SCR_002344

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

View all literature mentions

sva package (software resource)

RRID:SCR_012836

Contains functions for removing batch effects and other unwanted variation in high-throughput experiment.

View all literature mentions

Seurat (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016341

Software as R package designed for QC, analysis, and exploration of single cell RNA-seq data. Enable users to identify and interpret sources of heterogeneity from single cell transcriptomic measurements, and to integrate diverse types of single cell data.

View all literature mentions

C57BL/6J (organism)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:000664

Mus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.

View all literature mentions

skewer (data processing software)

RRID:SCR_001151

Software program for adapter trimming that is specially designed for processing Illumina paired-end sequences.

View all literature mentions

Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003302

Software R package for weighted correlation network analysis. WGCNA is also available as point-and-click application. Unfortunately this application is not maintained anymore. It is known to have compatibility problems with R-2.8.x and newer, and the methods it implements are not all state of the art.

View all literature mentions

scater (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015954

Software toolkit for doing various analyses of single-cell RNA-seq gene expression data, with a focus on quality control. This package facilitates pre-processing, quality control, normalization and visualization of scRNA-seq data.

View all literature mentions

Rtsne (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016342

Software as R wrapper for Van der Maaten's Barnes-Hut implementation of t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding. Used for high-dimentional data visualisation.

View all literature mentions

RUVSeq (software resource)

RRID:SCR_006263

Software package that implements the remove unwanted variation (RUV) methods for the normalization of RNA-Seq read counts between samples.

View all literature mentions

Human OSF-2/Periostin MAb (Clone 345613) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2252599

This monoclonal targets Human OSF-2 / Periostin

View all literature mentions

IL-33 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737261

This monoclonal targets IL-33

View all literature mentions

Human ZEB2/SIP1 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2737260

This monoclonal targets ZEB2/SIP1

View all literature mentions