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The behavioral response to a sensory stimulus may depend on both learned and innate neuronal representations. How these circuits interact to produce appropriate behavior is unknown. In Drosophila, the lateral horn (LH) and mushroom body (MB) are thought to mediate innate and learned olfactory behavior, respectively, although LH function has not been tested directly. Here we identify two LH cell types (PD2a1 and PD2b1) that receive input from an MB output neuron required for recall of aversive olfactory memories. These neurons are required for aversive memory retrieval and modulated by training. Connectomics data demonstrate that PD2a1 and PD2b1 neurons also receive direct input from food odor-encoding neurons. Consistent with this, PD2a1 and PD2b1 are also necessary for unlearned attraction to some odors, indicating that these neurons have a dual behavioral role. This provides a circuit mechanism by which learned and innate olfactory information can interact in identified neurons to produce appropriate behavior. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
Pubmed ID: 30244885 RIS Download
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An interactive tool for neurobiologists to explore the detailed neuroanatomy, neuron connectivity and gene expression of the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain.
View all literature mentionsA toolkit designed to navigate, share and collaboratively annotate massive image data sets of biological specimens. The interface enables synchronized navigation through multiple registered datasets even at vastly different scales such as in comparisons between optical and electron microscopy. The interface is inspired by GoogleMaps, with which it shares basic navigation concepts, enhanced to allow the exploration of 3D biological image data acquired by optical or physical sectioning microscopy techniques. The interface enables seamless sharing of regions of interest through bookmarks and synchronized navigation through multiple registered data sets. With massive biological image data sets it is unrealistic to create a sustainable centralized repository. A unique feature of CATMAID is its partially decentralized architecture where the presented image data can reside on any Internet accessible server and yet can be easily cross-referenced in the central database. In this way no image data are duplicated and the data producers retain full control over their images. CATMAID is intended to serve as data sharing platform for biologists using high-resolution imaging techniques to probe large specimens. Any high-throughput, high-content imaging project such as gene expression pattern screens would benefit from the interface for data sharing and annotation. Features: * Fast terabyte-scale image data browsing * Collaborative microcircuit reconstruction and annotation * Flexible hierarchical semantic annotation * Multiple linked image stack display * Neuron Catalog * SVG and WebGL-based neuronal morphology viewer * Open source software
View all literature mentionsFlyCircuit is a public database for online archiving, cell type inventory, browsing, searching, analysis and 3D visualization of individual neurons in the Drosophila brain.
View all literature mentionsInteractive rendering tool for confocal microscopy data visualization. Combines rendering of multi-channel volume data and polygon mesh data, where properties of each dataset can be adjusted independently and quickly. Designed for neurobiologists, allowing them to better visualize confocal data from fluorescently-stained brains, but it is also useful for other biological samples. Features include feature tracking, 3D measurement tools, multiple render modes for multi-channel confocal data, and volume paint selection and segmentation.
View all literature mentionsSoftware R package for the (3D) visualisation and analysis of biological image data, especially tracings of single neurons in the context of 3D brain structures.
View all literature mentionsMulti paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth generation programming language developed by MathWorks. Allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages, including C, C++, Java, Fortran and Python. Used to explore and visualize ideas and collaborate across disciplines including signal and image processing, communications, control systems, and computational finance.
View all literature mentionsNon-profit plasmid repository dedicated to helping scientists around the world share high-quality plasmids. Facilitates archiving and distributing DNA-based research reagents and associated data to scientists worldwide. Repository contains over 65,000 plasmids, including special collections on CRISPR, fluorescent proteins, and ready-to-use viral preparations. There is no cost for scientists to deposit plasmids, which saves time and money associated with shipping plasmids themselves. All plasmids are fully sequenced for validation and sequencing data is openly available. We handle the appropriate Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) with institutions, facilitating open exchange and offering intellectual property and liability protection for depositing scientists. Furthermore, we curate free educational resources for the scientific community including a blog, eBooks, video protocols, and detailed molecular biology resources.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsNEURON is a simulation environment for modeling individual neurons and networks of neurons. It provides tools for conveniently building, managing, and using models in a way that is numerically sound and computationally efficient. It is particularly well-suited to problems that are closely linked to experimental data, especially those that involve cells with complex anatomical and biophysical properties. NEURON has benefited from judicious revision and selective enhancement, guided by feedback from the growing number of neuroscientists who have used it to incorporate empirically-based modeling into their research strategies. NEURON's computational engine employs special algorithms that achieve high efficiency by exploiting the structure of the equations that describe neuronal properties. It has functions that are tailored for conveniently controlling simulations, and presenting the results of real neurophysiological problems graphically in ways that are quickly and intuitively grasped. Instead of forcing users to reformulate their conceptual models to fit the requirements of a general purpose simulator, NEURON is designed to let them deal directly with familiar neuroscience concepts. Consequently, users can think in terms of the biophysical properties of membrane and cytoplasm, the branched architecture of neurons, and the effects of synaptic communication between cells. * helps users focus on important biological issues rather than purely computational concerns * has a convenient user interface * has a user-extendable library of biophysical mechanisms * has many enhancements for efficient network modeling * offers customizable initialization and simulation flow control * is widely used in neuroscience research by experimentalists and theoreticians * is well-documented and actively supported * is free, open source, and runs on (almost) everything
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for visualizing, manipulating, and understanding data from tomography, microscopy, MRI and other imaging processes.Used to import and export options, to processes 3D image filtering and DTI based fiber tracking to visualization, volume and surface rendering, author tools for virtual reality navigation, video generation, and more.
View all literature mentionsOpen source software package for statistical programming language R to create plots based on grammar of graphics. Used for data visualization to break up graphs into semantic components such as scales and layers.
View all literature mentionsAlgorithm for measuring pairwise neuronal similarity. NBLAST considers both position and local geometry and works by decomposing a query and target neuron into short segments; matched segment pairs are scored using a log-likelihood ratio scoring matrix empirically defined by the statistics of real matches and non-matches.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Biotin
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Mouse IgG (H&L) Antibody Cy2 Conjugated
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets V5-TAG
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets HA-Tag
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets DYKDDDDK Epitope Tag
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG1
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Chicken IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets choline acetyltransferase
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets GABA
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Bruchpilot
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RFP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFP
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR58G03-GAL4}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=UAS-GCaMP3.T}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R12C11-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R14C08-GAL4.DBD}attP2/TM6B, Tb[1] from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R25D01-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R19F09-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R20G03-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R19F09-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R30G08-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=ple-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R24E12-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R52H01-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name y[1] w[*] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10XUAS-IVS-mCD8::RFP}attP18 P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=13XLexAop2-mCD8::GFP}su(Hw)attP8 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=hs-FLPG5.PEST}attP3; PBac{y[+mDint2] w[+mC]=10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-HA}VK00005 P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-V5-THS-10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-FLAG}su(Hw)attP1 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; PBac{y[+mDint2] w[+mC]=20XUAS-GCaMP3}VK00005 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR71D08-lexA}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR37G11-lexA}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{w[+mC]=UAS-shi[ts1].K}3 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=20XUAS-IVS-CsChrimson.mVenus}attP18 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR37G11-GAL4}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets RFP
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Bruchpilot
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets choline acetyltransferase
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets V5-TAG
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Biotin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets DYKDDDDK Epitope Tag
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG1
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Chicken IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets HA-Tag
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets GABA
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R24E12-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R52H01-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=20XUAS-IVS-CsChrimson.mVenus}attP18 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR37G11-GAL4}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=20XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR58G03-GAL4}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10XUAS-IVS-mCD8::GFP}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[*]; P{w[+mC]=UAS-shi[ts1].K}3 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Mouse IgG (H&L) Antibody Cy2 Conjugated
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=UAS-GCaMP3.T}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R20G03-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R19F09-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R12C11-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R14C08-GAL4.DBD}attP2/TM6B, Tb[1] from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R30G08-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=ple-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R25D01-p65.AD}attP40; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=R19F09-GAL4.DBD}attP2 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name y[1] w[*] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10XUAS-IVS-mCD8::RFP}attP18 P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=13XLexAop2-mCD8::GFP}su(Hw)attP8 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR71D08-lexA}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118] P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=hs-FLPG5.PEST}attP3; PBac{y[+mDint2] w[+mC]=10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-HA}VK00005 P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-V5-THS-10xUAS(FRT.stop)myr::smGdP-FLAG}su(Hw)attP1 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR37G11-lexA}attP40 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; PBac{y[+mDint2] w[+mC]=20XUAS-GCaMP3}VK00005 from BDSC.
View all literature mentionsDrosophila melanogaster with name w[1118]; P{y[+t7.7] w[+mC]=GMR58G03-GAL4}attP2 from BDSC.
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