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DPP8/DPP9 inhibitor-induced pyroptosis for treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Nature medicine | 2018

Small-molecule inhibitors of the serine dipeptidases DPP8 and DPP9 (DPP8/9) induce a lytic form of cell death called pyroptosis in mouse and human monocytes and macrophages1,2. In mouse myeloid cells, Dpp8/9 inhibition activates the inflammasome sensor Nlrp1b, which in turn activates pro-caspase-1 to mediate cell death3, but the mechanism of DPP8/9 inhibitor-induced pyroptosis in human myeloid cells is not yet known. Here we show that the CARD-containing protein CARD8 mediates DPP8/9 inhibitor-induced pro-caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in human myeloid cells. We further show that DPP8/9 inhibitors induce pyroptosis in the majority of human acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cell lines and primary AML samples, but not in cells from many other lineages, and that these inhibitors inhibit human AML progression in mouse models. Overall, this work identifies an activator of CARD8 in human cells and indicates that its activation by small-molecule DPP8/9 inhibitors represents a new potential therapeutic strategy for AML.

Pubmed ID: 29967349 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U54 OD020355
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 CA204396
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI137168
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 GM115327
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA008748
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R21 CA188881
  • Agency: Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom

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