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An Integrated Genome-wide CRISPRa Approach to Functionalize lncRNAs in Drug Resistance.

Cell | 2018

Resistance to chemotherapy plays a significant role in cancer mortality. To identify genetic units affecting sensitivity to cytarabine, the mainstay of treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), we developed a comprehensive and integrated genome-wide platform based on a dual protein-coding and non-coding integrated CRISPRa screening (DICaS). Putative resistance genes were initially identified using pharmacogenetic data from 760 human pan-cancer cell lines. Subsequently, genome scale functional characterization of both coding and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) genes by CRISPR activation was performed. For lncRNA functional assessment, we developed a CRISPR activation of lncRNA (CaLR) strategy, targeting 14,701 lncRNA genes. Computational and functional analysis identified novel cell-cycle, survival/apoptosis, and cancer signaling genes. Furthermore, transcriptional activation of the GAS6-AS2 lncRNA, identified in our analysis, leads to hyperactivation of the GAS6/TAM pathway, a resistance mechanism in multiple cancers including AML. Thus, DICaS represents a novel and powerful approach to identify integrated coding and non-coding pathways of therapeutic relevance.

Pubmed ID: 29677511 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P50 HG005550
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R35 CA197529
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: RM1 HG008525
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 CA009216

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


SAM format (tool)

RRID:SCR_012093

A generic alignment format for storing read alignments against reference sequences, supporting short and long reads (up to 128 Mbp) produced by different sequencing platforms.

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New England Biolabs (tool)

RRID:SCR_013517

An Antibody supplier

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Microsoft Excel (tool)

RRID:SCR_016137

Software application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.

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STAR (tool)

RRID:SCR_004463

Software performing alignment of high-throughput RNA-seq data. Aligns RNA-seq reads to reference genome using uncompressed suffix arrays.

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Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser235/236) (D57.2.2E) XP (antibody)

RRID:AB_2721245

This monoclonal targets Phospho-S6 Ribosomal Protein (Ser235/236)

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Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (20G11) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_331772

This monoclonal targets Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204)

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p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_330744

This polyclonal targets p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2)

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BrdU (Bu20a) Mouse mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10548898

This monoclonal targets BrdU (Bu20a) Mouse mAb

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Bcl-2 Antibody (Human Specific) (antibody)

RRID:AB_10693462

This polyclonal targets Bcl-2 (Human Specific)

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Phospho-MER/SKY (Tyr749, Tyr681) Polyclonal Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2554416

This unknown targets Phospho-MER/SKY (Tyr749, Tyr681)

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Tyro3 (D38C6) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10706782

This monoclonal targets Tyro3 (D38C6) Rabbit mAb

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Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2118009

This monoclonal targets Histone H2A.X, phospho (Ser139)

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Cytoscape (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003032

Software platform for complex network analysis and visualization. Used for visualization of molecular interaction networks and biological pathways and integrating these networks with annotations, gene expression profiles and other state data.

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DESeq2 (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015687

Software package for differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution. Used for analyzing RNA-seq data for differential analysis of count data, using shrinkage estimation for dispersions and fold changes to improve stability and interpretability of estimates.

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Subread (data processing software)

RRID:SCR_009803

Software package for high-performance read alignment, quantification and mutation discovery.General purpose read aligner which can be used to map both genomic DNA-seq reads and RNA-seq reads. Subread aligner as fast, accurate and scalable read mapping by seed-and-vote.These programs were also implemented in Bioconductor R package Rsubread.

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SAMTOOLS (software resource)

RRID:SCR_002105

Original SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.

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STAR (software resource)

RRID:SCR_015899

Software performing alignment of high-throughput RNA-seq data. Aligns RNA-seq reads to reference genome using uncompressed suffix arrays.

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Picard (software toolkit)

RRID:SCR_006525

Java toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.

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R Project for Statistical Computing (software resource)

RRID:SCR_001905

Software environment and programming language for statistical computing and graphics. R is integrated suite of software facilities for data manipulation, calculation and graphical display. Can be extended via packages. Some packages are supplied with the R distribution and more are available through CRAN family.It compiles and runs on wide variety of UNIX platforms, Windows and MacOS.

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Kaluza (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016182

Flow cytometry analysis software.

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FlowJo (software resource)

RRID:SCR_008520

Software for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.

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NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rg/SzJ (organism)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:005557

Mus musculus with name NOD.Cg-Prkdcscid Il2rg/SzJ from IMSR.

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