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Cortical gamma oscillations have been implicated in a variety of cognitive, behavioral, and circuit-level phenomena. However, the circuit mechanisms of gamma-band generation and synchronization across cortical space remain uncertain. Using optogenetic patterned illumination in acute brain slices of mouse visual cortex, we define a circuit composed of layer 2/3 (L2/3) pyramidal cells and somatostatin (SOM) interneurons that phase-locks ensembles across the retinotopic map. The network oscillations generated here emerge from non-periodic stimuli, and are stimulus size-dependent, coherent across cortical space, narrow band (30 Hz), and depend on SOM neuron but not parvalbumin (PV) neuron activity; similar to visually induced gamma oscillations observed in vivo. Gamma oscillations generated in separate cortical locations exhibited high coherence as far apart as 850 μm, and lateral gamma entrainment depended on SOM neuron activity. These data identify a circuit that is sufficient to mediate long-range gamma-band coherence in the primary visual cortex.
Pubmed ID: 29480803 RIS Download
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Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.
View all literature mentionsOpen-source software package for the analysis of neural data. Chronux routines may be employed in the analysis of both point process and continuous data, ranging from preprocessing, exploratory and confirmatory analysis. The current release is implemented as a MATLAB library. Chronux offers several routines for computing spectra and coherences for both point and continuous processes. In addition, it also offers several general purpose routines that were found useful such as a routine for extracting specified segments from data, or binning spike time data with bins of a specified size. Since the data can be continuous valued, point process times, or point processes that are binned, methods that apply to all these data types are given in routines whose names end with ''''c'''' for continuous, ''''pb'''' for binned point processes, and ''''pt'''' for point process times. Thus, mtspectrumc computes the spectrum of continuous data, mtspectrumpb computes a spectrum for binned point processes, and mtspectrumpt compute spectra for data consisting of point process times. Hybrid routines are also available and similarly named - for instance coherencycpb computes the coherency between continuous and binned point process data.
View all literature mentionsMulti paradigm numerical computing environment and fourth generation programming language developed by MathWorks. Allows matrix manipulations, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of user interfaces, and interfacing with programs written in other languages, including C, C++, Java, Fortran and Python. Used to explore and visualize ideas and collaborate across disciplines including signal and image processing, communications, control systems, and computational finance.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name STOCK Ssttm2.1(cre)Zjh/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsThe SciCrunch Infrastructure was developed as a cooperative data platform to be used by diverse communities in making data more FAIR.
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