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Intrinsic Immunity Shapes Viral Resistance of Stem Cells.

Cell | 2018

Stem cells are highly resistant to viral infection compared to their differentiated progeny; however, the mechanism is mysterious. Here, we analyzed gene expression in mammalian stem cells and cells at various stages of differentiation. We find that, conserved across species, stem cells express a subset of genes previously classified as interferon (IFN) stimulated genes (ISGs) but that expression is intrinsic, as stem cells are refractory to interferon. This intrinsic ISG expression varies in a cell-type-specific manner, and many ISGs decrease upon differentiation, at which time cells become IFN responsive, allowing induction of a broad spectrum of ISGs by IFN signaling. Importantly, we show that intrinsically expressed ISGs protect stem cells against viral infection. We demonstrate the in vivo importance of intrinsic ISG expression for protecting stem cells and their differentiation potential during viral infection. These findings have intriguing implications for understanding stem cell biology and the evolution of pathogen resistance.

Pubmed ID: 29249360 RIS Download

Research resources used in this publication

Additional research tools detected in this publication

Antibodies used in this publication

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIH HHS, United States
    Id: DP5 OD012142
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI091707
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DK100810
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U19 AI111825

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Massachusetts; USA (tool)

RRID:SCR_000977

Independent, coeducational, privately endowed university, organized into five schools: architecture and planning; engineering; humanities, arts, and social sciences; management; and science.

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MAb to Human Interferon-Alpha/Beta R2 (IFNAR2) (CD118), neutralizing, Clone MMHAR-2 (antibody)

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CD49d-APC (antibody)

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Anti-Sox9 (antibody)

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Anti-MX1 (116-130) antibody produced in rabbit (antibody)

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IFITM3 antibody (antibody)

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IFITM1 antibody (antibody)

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This polyclonal targets IFITM1

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [EPR1230Y] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1310357

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ISG15 (H-150) (antibody)

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Neuronal Class III beta-Tubulin (TUJ1) Monoclonal Antibody, Purified (antibody)

RRID:AB_2313773

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Sox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2195767

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Sox 17, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 17 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2195646

This monoclonal targets Recombinant human sox17, aa 177-414

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Monoclonal Anti-Actin, α-Smooth Muscle (antibody)

RRID:AB_476701

This monoclonal targets Actin, α-Smooth Muscle

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Pdx1 (D59H3) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10706174

This recombinant monoclonal targets Pdx1

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Purified anti-Pax-6 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2565003

This unknown targets Pax-6

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Human Nestin MAb (Clone 196908) (antibody)

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This monoclonal targets Human Nestin MAb (Clone 196908)

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MAP2 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_10693782

This unknown targets MAP2

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HNF4α (C11F12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2295208

This monoclonal targets HNF4alpha

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GATA2 antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_10617761

This polyclonal targets GATA2

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FoxA2/HNF3 (D56D6) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10891055

This monoclonal targets FoxA2/HNF3

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Dengue virus NS3 protein antibody (antibody)

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COLLAGEN Type I Antibody (antibody)

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Mouse Anti-Human Albumin Monoclonal antibody, Unconjugated, Clone hsa1/25.1.3 (antibody)

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This monoclonal targets Mouse Human Albumin antibody Clone hsa1/25.1.3

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BOSC-23 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_4401

Cell line BOSC-23 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)

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HNF4α (C11F12) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2295208

This monoclonal targets HNF4alpha

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FoxA2/HNF3 (D56D6) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10891055

This monoclonal targets FoxA2/HNF3

View all literature mentions

Dengue virus NS3 protein antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11171668

This polyclonal targets Dengue virus NS3 protein

View all literature mentions

COLLAGEN Type I Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2074625

This polyclonal targets COLLAGEN Type I

View all literature mentions

Mouse Anti-Human Albumin Monoclonal antibody, Unconjugated, Clone hsa1/25.1.3 (antibody)

RRID:AB_10086438

This monoclonal targets Mouse Human Albumin antibody Clone hsa1/25.1.3

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Pdx1 (D59H3) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_10706174

This recombinant monoclonal targets Pdx1

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Human Nestin MAb (Clone 196908) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2251304

This monoclonal targets Human Nestin MAb (Clone 196908)

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MAP2 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_10693782

This unknown targets MAP2

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GATA2 antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_10617761

This polyclonal targets GATA2

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Sox2 (D6D9) XP Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2195767

This monoclonal targets Sox2

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Monoclonal Anti-Actin, α-Smooth Muscle (antibody)

RRID:AB_476701

This monoclonal targets Actin, α-Smooth Muscle

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Sox 17, SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 17 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2195646

This monoclonal targets Recombinant human sox17, aa 177-414

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Purified anti-Pax-6 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2565003

This unknown targets Pax-6

View all literature mentions

IFITM3 antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11172546

This polyclonal targets IFITM3

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Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase antibody [EPR1230Y] (antibody)

RRID:AB_1310357

This monoclonal targets Indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase antibody [EPR1230Y]

View all literature mentions

IFITM1 antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_11176549

This polyclonal targets IFITM1

View all literature mentions

ISG15 (H-150) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2126309

This polyclonal targets ISG15 (H-150)

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Anti-MX1 (116-130) antibody produced in rabbit (antibody)

RRID:AB_10607751

This polyclonal targets MX1 (116-130) antibody produced in rabbit

View all literature mentions

Neuronal Class III beta-Tubulin (TUJ1) Monoclonal Antibody, Purified (antibody)

RRID:AB_2313773

This monoclonal targets Neuronal Class III beta-Tubulin (TUJ1) Purified

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Anti-Sox9 (antibody)

RRID:AB_2239761

This polyclonal targets Sox9

View all literature mentions

CD49d-APC (antibody)

RRID:AB_1036218

This monoclonal targets CD49d

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MAb to Human Interferon-Alpha/Beta R2 (IFNAR2) (CD118), neutralizing, Clone MMHAR-2 (antibody)

RRID:AB_387828

This monoclonal targets MAb to Human Interferon-Alpha/Beta R2 (IFNAR2) (CD118) neutralizing Clone MMHAR-2

View all literature mentions

BOSC-23 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_4401

Cell line BOSC-23 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)

View all literature mentions