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Opposing expression gradients of calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (Calca/Cgrpα) and tyrosine hydroxylase (Th) in type II afferent neurons of the mouse cochlea.

The Journal of comparative neurology | 2018

Type II spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) are small caliber, unmyelinated afferents that extend dendritic arbors hundreds of microns along the cochlear spiral, contacting many outer hair cells (OHCs). Despite these many contacts, type II afferents are insensitive to sound and only weakly depolarized by glutamate release from OHCs. Recent studies suggest that type II afferents may be cochlear nociceptors, and can be excited by ATP released during tissue damage, by analogy to somatic pain-sensing C-fibers. The present work compares the expression patterns among cochlear type II afferents of two genes found in C-fibers: calcitonin-related polypeptide alpha (Calca/Cgrpα), specific to pain-sensing C-fibers, and tyrosine hydroxylase (Th), specific to low-threshold mechanoreceptive C-fibers, which was shown previously to be a selective biomarker of type II versus type I cochlear afferents (Vyas et al., ). Whole-mount cochlear preparations from 3-week- to 2-month-old CGRPα-EGFP (GENSAT) mice showed expression of Cgrpα in a subset of SGNs with type II-like peripheral dendrites extending beneath OHCs. Double labeling with other molecular markers confirmed that the labeled SGNs were neither type I SGNs nor olivocochlear efferents. Cgrpα starts to express in type II SGNs before hearing onset, but the expression level declines in the adult. The expression patterns of Cgrpα and Th formed opposing gradients, with Th being preferentially expressed in apical and Cgrpα in basal type II afferent neurons, indicating heterogeneity among type II afferent neurons. The expression of Th and Cgrpα was not mutually exclusive and co-expression could be observed, most abundantly in the middle cochlear turn.

Pubmed ID: 29055051 RIS Download

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 NS050274
  • Agency: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DC011741
  • Agency: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DC006476
  • Agency: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DC016559
  • Agency: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DC012957
  • Agency: NIDCD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 DC005211

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RRID:SCR_002285

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View all literature mentions

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RRID:AB_11214110

This polyclonal targets Vesicular Acetylcholine Transporter

View all literature mentions

SV2 (antibody)

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View all literature mentions

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RRID:AB_11214110

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