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Melanocyte Stem Cell Activation and Translocation Initiate Cutaneous Melanoma in Response to UV Exposure.

Cell stem cell | 2017

Melanoma is one of the deadliest cancers, yet the cells of origin and mechanisms of tumor initiation remain unclear. The majority of melanomas emerge from clear skin without a precursor lesion, but it is unknown whether these melanomas can arise from melanocyte stem cells (MCSCs). Here we employ mouse models to define the role of MCSCs as melanoma cells of origin, demonstrate that MCSC quiescence acts as a tumor suppressor, and identify the extrinsic environmental and molecular factors required for the critical early steps of melanoma initiation. Specifically, melanomas originate from melanoma-competent MCSCs upon stimulation by UVB, which induces MCSC activation and translocation via an inflammation-dependent process. Moreover, the chromatin-remodeling factor Hmga2 in the skin plays a critical role in UVB-mediated melanomagenesis. These findings delineate melanoma formation from melanoma-competent MCSCs following extrinsic stimuli, and they suggest that abrogation of Hmga2 function in the microenvironment can suppress MCSC-originating cutaneous melanomas.

Pubmed ID: 29033353 RIS Download

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR057409
  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR070245

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


GraphPad Prism (tool)

RRID:SCR_002798

Statistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.

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Adobe Photoshop (tool)

RRID:SCR_014199

Software for image processing, analysis, and editing. The software includes features such as touch capabilities, a customizable toolbar, 2D and 3D image merging, and Cloud access and options.

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Anti-RAT IgG (H&L) (DONKEY) Antibody Peroxidase Conjugated - 612-703-002 (antibody)

RRID:AB_219797

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HMGA2 (D1A7) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

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HMGI-C (FL-109) (antibody)

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Ki-67 Antibody (antibody)

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Keratin 5 Polyclonal Chicken Antibody, Purified (antibody)

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TRP2 (D-18) (antibody)

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Anti-SOX10 antibody [EPR4007] (antibody)

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Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2118009

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Anti-RAT IgG (H&L) (DONKEY) Antibody Peroxidase Conjugated - 612-703-002 (antibody)

RRID:AB_219797

This unknown targets Rat IgG (H&L) Antibody Peroxidase Conjugated

View all literature mentions

HMGA2 (D1A7) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_11178942

This monoclonal targets HMGA2 (D1A7) Rabbit mAb

View all literature mentions

HMGI-C (FL-109) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2248305

This polyclonal targets HMGA2

View all literature mentions

Ki-67 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_2142230

This monoclonal targets Ki-67

View all literature mentions

Biotin anti-mouse Ly-6G/Ly-6C (Gr-1) (antibody)

RRID:AB_313368

This monoclonal targets Ly-6G Ly-6C

View all literature mentions

Purified anti-mouse CD45 (antibody)

RRID:AB_312966

This monoclonal targets CD45

View all literature mentions

Keratin 5 Polyclonal Chicken Antibody, Purified (antibody)

RRID:AB_10720202

This polyclonal targets Keratin 5 Chicken Purified

View all literature mentions

F4/80 Antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_10003219

This monoclonal targets F4/80

View all literature mentions

TRP2 (D-18) (antibody)

RRID:AB_793582

This polyclonal targets TRP2 (D-18)

View all literature mentions

TRP1 (H-90) (antibody)

RRID:AB_2211150

This polyclonal targets TYRP1

View all literature mentions

Anti-GFP antibody (antibody)

RRID:AB_300798

This polyclonal targets GFP

View all literature mentions

Anti-SOX10 antibody [EPR4007] (antibody)

RRID:AB_2650603

This monoclonal targets corresponding to Human SOX10 aa 400 to the C-terminus.

View all literature mentions

Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (antibody)

RRID:AB_2118009

This monoclonal targets Histone H2A.X, phospho (Ser139)

View all literature mentions