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Most vertebrate and plant RNA and small DNA viruses suppress genomic CpG and UpA dinucleotide frequencies, apparently mimicking host mRNA composition. Artificially increasing CpG/UpA dinucleotides attenuates viruses through an entirely unknown mechanism. Using the echovirus 7 (E7) model in several cell types, we show that the restriction in E7 replication in mutants with increased CpG/UpA dinucleotides occurred immediately after viral entry, with incoming virions failing to form replication complexes. Sequences of CpG/UpA-high virus stocks showed no evidence of increased mutational errors that would render them replication defective, these viral RNAs were not differentially sequestered in cytoplasmic stress granules nor did they induce a systemic antiviral state. Importantly, restriction was not mediated through effects on translation efficiency since replicons with high CpG/UpA sequences inserted into a non-coding region were similarly replication defective. Host-cells thus possess intrinsic defence pathways that prevent replication of viruses with increased CpG/UpA frequencies independently of codon usage.
Pubmed ID: 28960178 RIS Download
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A commercial antibody supplier and provider of various services.
View all literature mentionsGlobal nonprofit biological resource center (BRC) and research organization that provides biological products, technical services and educational programs to private industry, government and academic organizations. Its mission is to acquire, authenticate, preserve, develop and distribute biological materials, information, technology, intellectual property and standards for the advancement and application of scientific knowledge. The primary purpose of ATCC is to use its resources and experience as a BRC to become the world leader in standard biological reference materials management, intellectual property resource management and translational research as applied to biomaterial development, standardization and certification. ATCC characterizes cell lines, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as develops and evaluates assays and techniques for validating research resources and preserving and distributing biological materials to the public and private sector research communities.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.
View all literature mentionsSoftware application with data analysis tools and spreadsheet templates to track and visualize data. It is used to manage and process data.
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line BHK-21 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mesocricetus auratus (Golden hamster)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets G3BP
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets A synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser51 of human EIF2S1.
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line BHK-21 clone 13 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mesocricetus auratus
View all literature mentionsCell line RD is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line A-549 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsCell line Neuro-2a is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line BV-2 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsCell line A9 [Mouse hybridoma against hamster Hmgcr] is a Hybridoma with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsCell line HEK293T is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line NB324K is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line Vero C1008 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus sabaeus
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets A synthetic phospho-peptide corresponding to residues surrounding Ser51 of human EIF2S1.
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets G3BP
View all literature mentionsCell line BV-2 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsCell line Neuro-2a is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line A9 [Mouse hybridoma against hamster Hmgcr] is a Hybridoma with a species of origin Mus musculus (Mouse)
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line BHK-21 clone 13 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mesocricetus auratus
View all literature mentionsCell line Vero C1008 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus sabaeus
View all literature mentionsCell line NB324K is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line 12MBr-6 is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus aethiops (Green monkey)
View all literature mentionsCell line A-549 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line RD is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line 12MBr-6 is a Finite cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus aethiops (Green monkey)
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