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The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus orchestrates daily rhythms of physiology and behavior in mammals. Its circadian (∼24 hr) oscillations of gene expression and electrical activity are generated intrinsically and can persist indefinitely in temporal isolation. This robust and resilient timekeeping is generally regarded as a product of the intrinsic connectivity of its neurons. Here we show that neurons constitute only one "half" of the SCN clock, the one metabolically active during circadian daytime. In contrast, SCN astrocytes are active during circadian nighttime, when they suppress the activity of SCN neurons by regulating extracellular glutamate levels. This glutamatergic gliotransmission is sensed by neurons of the dorsal SCN via specific pre-synaptic NMDA receptor assemblies containing NR2C subunits. Remarkably, somatic genetic re-programming of intracellular clocks in SCN astrocytes was capable of remodeling circadian behavioral rhythms in adult mice. Thus, SCN circuit-level timekeeping arises from interdependent and mutually supportive astrocytic-neuronal signaling.
Pubmed ID: 28285822 RIS Download
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Point and click program used to quickly analyse circadian activity data using algorithms and embedded controls to make every graph interactive and useful for data analysis. The analysis program has been used for a variety of species including mice, hamsters, rats, sheep, Drosophila, and humans. This program has three separate applications: one for data collection, one for analysis, and a chamber control program.
View all literature mentionsNeuroMatic is a collection of Igor Pro functions for analyzing electrophysiological data. By allowing users to organize their data into Sets and Groups, NeuroMatic makes it relatively easy to compute transformations and statistical analyses on their data, including scaling, alignment averaging, baseline subtraction, spike detection, stationarity analysis, rise-time computations, etc. Being open source and modular designed, NeuroMatic also allows users to develop their own analysis functions that can be easily incorporated into NeuroMatic's framework. Note, if you have reached this page in search of a freeware tool for neuronal reconstructions, you are more likely to be interested in Neuromantic, a software package that sounds like NeuroMatic, but is not quite the same. Features of NeuroMatic Include * Sorting, Scaling, Averaging, Interpolation * Max / Min / Mean / Level / Rise Time / FWHM / Slope Measurements * Stability / Stationarity Analysis * Event Detection * Waveform Template Matching * Spike Raster Plots * Interspike-Interval and Peri-Stimulus Time (PST) Histograms * Compact Easy-to-Use Interface * Modular design as a basis for your own procedures * Extra space for your own buttons and controls * Import functions for Axograph and Pclamp data * Automatic macro generation for batch processing Supporting Agencies: MRC, Wellcome Trust Spike, Event, Fit, NClamp, Acquisition, spike train, EPSP, IPSP, IPSC, EPSC
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Goat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Chicken IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets (Arg8)-Vasopressin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Iba1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NG2 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Glutamate Transporter neuronal
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GAD65 + GAD67
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets ALDH1L1 antibody - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFAP - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsA software tool which provides a means to acquire and analyze time-series data, as well as a direct route to publication quality graphics. It provides a variety of graph styles and automated, extended, and/or customizable analyses.
View all literature mentionsSoftware used for visualizing and graphing data, image processing, and programming. It is designed for use by scientists and engineers and supports large data sets, evenly spaced data, and various data import formats. The software includes a suite of image processing operations for image filtering, manipulation, and quantification and is completely programmable.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6.129S6-Per2tm1Jt/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6.129-Csnk1etm1Asil/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GFAP - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets ALDH1L1 antibody - Astrocyte Marker
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets NG2 antibody
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Iba1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets Glutamate Transporter neuronal
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets GAD65 + GAD67
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets (Arg8)-Vasopressin
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgY (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Goat IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6.129S6-Per2tm1Jt/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name B6.129-Csnk1etm1Asil/J from IMSR.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Chicken IgG (H+L)
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