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Functions of Replication Protein A as a Sensor of R Loops and a Regulator of RNaseH1.

Molecular cell | 2017

R loop, a transcription intermediate containing RNA:DNA hybrids and displaced single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), has emerged as a major source of genomic instability. RNaseH1, which cleaves the RNA in RNA:DNA hybrids, plays an important role in R loop suppression. Here we show that replication protein A (RPA), an ssDNA-binding protein, interacts with RNaseH1 and colocalizes with both RNaseH1 and R loops in cells. In vitro, purified RPA directly enhances the association of RNaseH1 with RNA:DNA hybrids and stimulates the activity of RNaseH1 on R loops. An RPA binding-defective RNaseH1 mutant is not efficiently stimulated by RPA in vitro, fails to accumulate at R loops in cells, and loses the ability to suppress R loops and associated genomic instability. Thus, in addition to sensing DNA damage and replication stress, RPA is a sensor of R loops and a regulator of RNaseH1, extending the versatile role of RPA in suppression of genomic instability.

Pubmed ID: 28257700 RIS Download

Additional research tools detected in this publication

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NCRR NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P41 RR001081
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 CA197779
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM076388
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 DK007540

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