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Autophagy inhibition overcomes multiple mechanisms of resistance to BRAF inhibition in brain tumors.

eLife | 2017

Kinase inhibitors are effective cancer therapies, but tumors frequently develop resistance. Current strategies to circumvent resistance target the same or parallel pathways. We report here that targeting a completely different process, autophagy, can overcome multiple BRAF inhibitor resistance mechanisms in brain tumors. BRAFV600Emutations occur in many pediatric brain tumors. We previously reported that these tumors are autophagy-dependent and a patient was successfully treated with the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine after failure of the BRAFV600E inhibitor vemurafenib, suggesting autophagy inhibition overcame the kinase inhibitor resistance. We tested this hypothesis in vemurafenib-resistant brain tumors. Genetic and pharmacological autophagy inhibition overcame molecularly distinct resistance mechanisms, inhibited tumor cell growth, and increased cell death. Patients with resistance had favorable clinical responses when chloroquine was added to vemurafenib. This provides a fundamentally different strategy to circumvent multiple mechanisms of kinase inhibitor resistance that could be rapidly tested in clinical trials in patients with BRAFV600E brain tumors.

Pubmed ID: 28094001 RIS Download

Research resources used in this publication

Additional research tools detected in this publication

Associated grants

  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 CA150925
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: K08 CA193982
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA046934
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 GM007635
  • Agency: NICHD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: K12 HD068372
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 CA190170

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