The Gene Ontology (GO) (Ashburner et al., Nat Genet 25(1):25-29, 2000) is a powerful tool in the informatics arsenal of methods for evaluating annotations in a protein dataset. From identifying the nearest well annotated homologue of a protein of interest to predicting where misannotation has occurred to knowing how confident you can be in the annotations assigned to those proteins is critical. In this chapter we explore what makes an enzyme unique and how we can use GO to infer aspects of protein function based on sequence similarity. These can range from identification of misannotation or other errors in a predicted function to accurate function prediction for an enzyme of entirely unknown function. Although GO annotation applies to any gene products, we focus here a describing our approach for hierarchical classification of enzymes in the Structure-Function Linkage Database (SFLD) (Akiva et al., Nucleic Acids Res 42(Database issue):D521-530, 2014) as a guide for informed utilisation of annotation transfer based on GO terms.
Pubmed ID: 27812939 RIS Download
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A database of hierarchical classification of enzymes that relates specific sequence-structure features to specific chemical capabilities. The SFLD classifies evolutionarily related enzymes according to shared chemical functions and maps these shared functions to conserved active site features. The classification is hierarchical, where broader levels encompass more distantly related proteins with fewer shared features. It thus serves as the analysis and archive site for superfamilies targeted by the Enzyme Function Initiative, and is developed by the Babbitt Laboratory in collaboration with the UCSF Resource for Biocomputing, Visualization, and Informatics. The resource also provides a collection of tools and data for investigating sequence-structure-function relationships and hypothesizing function.
View all literature mentionsA web-based browser for Gene Ontology terms and annotations, which is provided by the UniProtKB-GOA group at the EBI. It is able to offer a range of facilities including bulk downloads of GO annotation data which can be extensively filtered by a range of different parameters and GO slim set generation. The software for QuickGO is freely available under the Apache 2 license. QuickGO can supply GO term information and GO annotation data via REST web services.
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