We have studied the effect of α2-adrenergic receptor stimulation on the total excitotoxically injured chicken retinal ganglion cell population. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) was intraocularly injected at embryonic day 18 and Brn3a positive retinal ganglion cells (Brn3a+ RGCs) were counted in flat-mounted retinas using automated routines. The number and distribution of the Brn3a+ RGCs were analyzed in series of normal retinas from embryonic day 8 to post-hatch day 11 retinas and in retinas 7 or 14 days post NMDA lesion. The total number of Brn3a+ RGCs in the post-hatch retina was approximately 1.9x106 with a density of approximately 9.2x103 cells/mm2. The isodensity maps of normal retina showed that the density decreased with age as the retinal size increased. In contrast to previous studies, we did not find any specific region with increased RGC density, rather the Brn3a+ RGCs were homogeneously distributed over the central retina with decreasing density in the periphery and in the region of the pecten oculli. Injection of 5-10 μg NMDA caused 30-50% loss of Brn3a+ cells and the loss was more severe in the dorsal than in the ventral retina. Pretreatment with brimonidine reduced the loss of Brn3a+ cells both 7 and 14 days post lesion and the protective effect was higher in the dorsal than in the ventral retina. We conclude that α2-adrenergic receptor stimulation reduced the impact of the excitotoxic injury in chicken similarly to what has been shown in mammals. Furthermore, the data show that the RGCs are evenly distributed over in the retina, which challenges previous results that indicate the presence of specific high RGC-density regions of the chicken retina.
Pubmed ID: 27611432 RIS Download
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This unknown targets Rabbit Rhodopsin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Brn3a (POU-domain protein)
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View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on January 28, 2013. (URL is no longer valid) A platform for high-throughput proteomic analysis. Major objectives of IPP include the establishment of a broadly applicable platform of routine methods for the analysis of protein interaction networks in bio-medical research. A multidisciplinary approach will address; * their validation by cell biological, biochemical and biophysical methods. * their collection in a new type of public database. * their exploitation and use for in silico simulations of protein-interaction networks. The innovations generated in IPP will provide the basis for an efficient analysis and systems modeling of fundamental biological processes in health and disease. It will develop novel technology, including a high-end mass spectrometer with extremely large dynamic range, high-density peptide arrays, and improved visualization technology for light and electron microscopy. Additionally, the novel technologies will be validated with selected model systems of high relevance to medicine and biotechnology. Extensive bioinformatics support is a key element in the project to cope with the massive increase in experimental data on protein interactions obtained using the novel technologies. In particular, the efficient integration of disparate data sets represents a key challenge in proteomics and functional genomics. Therefore, the consortium includes the creator of the only European protein-interactions database, MINT. The multi-disciplinary efforts required in the scientific program of IPP are organized into four sub-projects (SP): * SP1: Tools for interaction analysis - SP1 is dedicated to the development of innovative proteomics technology to map protein-interaction networks and their cellular topology for the interaction analyses in SP2 and SP3. * SP2: Identification of interaction partners for protein domains - SP2 will generate (high throughput) data for important protein-protein interactions defined by bioinformatics and biomedical interest and by SP3, utilizing technology developed in SP1. * SP3: Functional analysis of interactions - SP3 focuses on the validation of technologies and tools developed in SP1. It will perform functional analyses of protein-interactions in medically and biochemically relevant prokaryotic and eukaryotic (mammalian) model systems. * SP4: Interactome database and modelling - SP4 provides the required bioinformatics infrastructure for the project, comprising the improvement of the public MINT database for the collection and dissemination of the interactome data; modelling and simulation of protein-interaction networks characterised in SP2 and SP3; and the dissemination of the technology developments to the scientific community.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on July 18,2023. Software package to capture, process, measure, analyze and share images and data.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets Rabbit Rhodopsin
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Brn3a (POU-domain protein)
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