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Apicomplexan parasites are leading causes of human and livestock diseases such as malaria and toxoplasmosis, yet most of their genes remain uncharacterized. Here, we present the first genome-wide genetic screen of an apicomplexan. We adapted CRISPR/Cas9 to assess the contribution of each gene from the parasite Toxoplasma gondii during infection of human fibroblasts. Our analysis defines ∼200 previously uncharacterized, fitness-conferring genes unique to the phylum, from which 16 were investigated, revealing essential functions during infection of human cells. Secondary screens identify as an invasion factor the claudin-like apicomplexan microneme protein (CLAMP), which resembles mammalian tight-junction proteins and localizes to secretory organelles, making it critical to the initiation of infection. CLAMP is present throughout sequenced apicomplexan genomes and is essential during the asexual stages of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. These results provide broad-based functional information on T. gondii genes and will facilitate future approaches to expand the horizon of antiparasitic interventions.
Pubmed ID: 27594426 RIS Download
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Software environment and programming language for statistical computing and graphics. R is integrated suite of software facilities for data manipulation, calculation and graphical display. Can be extended via packages. Some packages are supplied with the R distribution and more are available through CRAN family.It compiles and runs on wide variety of UNIX platforms, Windows and MacOS.
View all literature mentionsStatistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.
View all literature mentionsBioPerl is a community effort to produce Perl code which is useful in biology. This toolkit of perl modules is useful in building bioinformatics solutions in Perl. It is built in an object-oriented manner so that many modules depend on each other to achieve a task. The collection of modules in the bioperl-live repository consist of the core of the functionality of bioperl. Additionally auxiliary modules for creating graphical interfaces (bioperl-gui), persistent storage in RDMBS (bioperl-db), running and parsing the results from hundreds of bioinformatics applications (Run package), software to automate bioinformatic analyses (bioperl-pipeline) are all available as Git modules in our repository. The BioPerl toolkit provides a library of hundreds of routines for processing sequence, annotation, alignment, and sequence analysis reports. It often serves as a bridge between different computational biology applications assisting the user to construct analysis pipelines. This chapter illustrates how BioPerl facilitates tasks such as writing scripts summarizing information from BLAST reports or extracting key annotation details from a GenBank sequence record. BioPerl includes modules written by Sohel Merchant of the GO Consortium for parsing and manipulating OBO ontologies. Platform: Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible
View all literature mentionsA genome and functional genomic database for the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. It incorporates the sequence and annotation of the T. gondii ME49 strain, as well as genome sequences for the GT1, VEG and RH (Chr Ia, Chr Ib) strains. Sequence information is integrated with various other genomic-scale data, including community annotation, ESTs, gene expression and proteomics data. Organisms * Toxoplasma gondii (ME49, RH, GT1, Veg strains) * Neospora caninum * environmental isolate sequences from numerous species Tools * BLAST: Identify Sequence Similarities * Sequence Retrieval: Retrieve Specific Sequences using IDs and coordinates * PubMed and Entrez: View the Latest Toxoplasma, Neospora Pubmed and Entrez Results * Genome Browser: View Sequences and Features in the genome browser * Ancillary Genome Browse: Access Additional info like Probeset data and Toxoplasma Array info
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets tubulin (alpha-)
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