The Ontology for Biomedical Investigations (OBI) is an ontology that provides terms with precisely defined meanings to describe all aspects of how investigations in the biological and medical domains are conducted. OBI re-uses ontologies that provide a representation of biomedical knowledge from the Open Biological and Biomedical Ontologies (OBO) project and adds the ability to describe how this knowledge was derived. We here describe the state of OBI and several applications that are using it, such as adding semantic expressivity to existing databases, building data entry forms, and enabling interoperability between knowledge resources. OBI covers all phases of the investigation process, such as planning, execution and reporting. It represents information and material entities that participate in these processes, as well as roles and functions. Prior to OBI, it was not possible to use a single internally consistent resource that could be applied to multiple types of experiments for these applications. OBI has made this possible by creating terms for entities involved in biological and medical investigations and by importing parts of other biomedical ontologies such as GO, Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI) and Phenotype Attribute and Trait Ontology (PATO) without altering their meaning. OBI is being used in a wide range of projects covering genomics, multi-omics, immunology, and catalogs of services. OBI has also spawned other ontologies (Information Artifact Ontology) and methods for importing parts of ontologies (Minimum information to reference an external ontology term (MIREOT)). The OBI project is an open cross-disciplinary collaborative effort, encompassing multiple research communities from around the globe. To date, OBI has created 2366 classes and 40 relations along with textual and formal definitions. The OBI Consortium maintains a web resource (http://obi-ontology.org) providing details on the people, policies, and issues being addressed in association with OBI. The current release of OBI is available at http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/obi.owl.
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An ontology for the description of biological and clinical investigations built with international, collaborative effort. The ontology represents the design of an investigation, the protocols and instrumentation used, the material used, the data generated and the type analysis performed on it. This includes a set of universal terms that are applicable across various biological and technological domains, and domain-specific terms relevant only to a given domain. Currently OBI is being built under the Basic Formal Ontology (BFO). This project was formerly titled the Functional Genomics Investigation Ontology (FuGO) project.
View all literature mentionsWeb-based linked data server and browser specifically designed for ontology terms, it supports ontology visualization, query, and development. Ontobee provides a web interface for displaying the details and hierarchy of a specific ontology term. Meanwhile, Ontobee provides a RDF source code for the particular web page, which supports remote query of the ontology term and the Semantic Web. Ontobee provides an efficient and publicly available method to promote ontology sharing, interoperability, and data integration.
View all literature mentionsENFIN is a virtual institute to enable systems-level integration of experimental results. It is committed to provide a Europe-wide integration of computational approaches in systems biology. Its objectives are: - To develop a shared approach between traditionally dry and traditionally wet researchers in the area of systems-level interpretation of experimental results - To develop a distributed computational platform this integration and analysis of experimental data - To directly prove that such an approach has scientific value - To encourage and participate in the critical assessment of systems-level approaches - To disseminate knowledge and techniques to other academic researchers worldwide - To disseminate knowledge and techniques to commercial researchers, in particular European SMEs - To train young European researchers from a variety of backgrounds in system-level informatics techniques. The ENFIN Network runs four major platforms: A Joint Research Program covering the fields of Discrete Function Prediction, Network Reconstruction, Systems-Level Modeling, a Provision of Analysis Tools - EnSUITE, a Platform for Data Integration - EnCORE, and training Courses and Workshops on Systems Biology. Sponsors: The ENFIN project is funded by the European Commission within its FP6 Programme, under the thematic area Life sciences, genomics and biotechnology for health,contract number LSHG-CT-2005-518254.
View all literature mentionsThe UK''s leading funding agency for academic research and training in the non-clinical life sciences.
View all literature mentionsNIH is the nations medical research agency - making important medical discoveries that improve health and save lives. The National Institutes of Health (NIH), a part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, is the primary Federal agency for conducting and supporting medical research. Helping to lead the way toward important medical discoveries that improve peoples health and save lives, NIH scientists investigate ways to prevent disease as well as the causes, treatments, and even cures for common and rare diseases. NIH research impacts: * child and teen health, * men's health, * minority health, * seniors' health, * women's health, and * wellness and lifestyle issues. Composed of 27 Institutes and Centers, the NIH provides leadership and financial support to researchers in every state and throughout the world.
View all literature mentionsAn independent federal agency created by Congress to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense They are the funding source for approximately 20 percent of all federally supported basic research conducted by America''s colleges and universities. In many fields such as mathematics, computer science and the social sciences, NSF is the major source of federal backing. NSF leadership has two major components: a director who oversees NSF staff and management responsible for program creation and administration, merit review, planning, budget and day-to-day operations; and a 24-member National Science Board (NSB) of eminent individuals that meets six times a year to establish the overall policies of the foundation.The director and all Board members serve six year terms. Each of them, as well as the NSF deputy director, is appointed by the President of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. At present, NSF has a total workforce of about 2,100 at its Arlington, Va., headquarters, including approximately 1,400 career employees, 200 scientists from research institutions on temporary duty, 450 contract workers and the staff of the NSB office and the Office of the Inspector General. NSF is the only federal agency whose mission includes support for all fields of fundamental science and engineering, except for medical sciences. They are tasked with keeping the United States at the leading edge of discovery in areas from astronomy to geology to zoology. So, in addition to funding research in the traditional academic areas, the agency also supports high-risk, high pay-off ideas, novel collaborations and numerous projects that may seem like science fiction today, but which the public will take for granted tomorrow. And in every case, they ensure that research is fully integrated with education so that today''s revolutionary work will also be training tomorrow''s top scientists and engineers NSF''s task of identifying and funding work at the frontiers of science and engineering is not a top-down process.
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