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MicrO is an ontology of microbiological terms, including prokaryotic qualities and processes, material entities (such as cell components), chemical entities (such as microbiological culture media and medium ingredients), and assays. The ontology was built to support the ongoing development of a natural language processing algorithm, MicroPIE (or, Microbial Phenomics Information Extractor). During the MicroPIE design process, we realized there was a need for a prokaryotic ontology which would capture the evolutionary diversity of phenotypes and metabolic processes across the tree of life, capture the diversity of synonyms and information contained in the taxonomic literature, and relate microbiological entities and processes to terms in a large number of other ontologies, most particularly the Gene Ontology (GO), the Phenotypic Quality Ontology (PATO), and the Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI). We thus constructed MicrO to be rich in logical axioms and synonyms gathered from the taxonomic literature.
Pubmed ID: 27076900 RIS Download
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Collection of chemical compounds and other small molecular entities that incorporates an ontological classification of chemical compounds of biological relevance, whereby the relationships between molecular entities or classes of entities and their parents and/or children are specified. The molecular entities in question are either products of nature or synthetic products used to intervene in the processes of living organisms.
View all literature mentionsProtege is a free, open-source platform that provides a growing user community with a suite of tools to construct domain models and knowledge-based applications with ontologies. At its core, Protege implements a rich set of knowledge-modeling structures and actions that support the creation, visualization, and manipulation of ontologies in various representation formats. Protege can be customized to provide domain-friendly support for creating knowledge models and entering data. Further, Protege can be extended by way of a plug-in architecture and a Java-based Application Programming Interface (API) for building knowledge-based tools and applications. An ontology describes the concepts and relationships that are important in a particular domain, providing a vocabulary for that domain as well as a computerized specification of the meaning of terms used in the vocabulary. Ontologies range from taxonomies and classifications, database schemas, to fully axiomatized theories. In recent years, ontologies have been adopted in many business and scientific communities as a way to share, reuse and process domain knowledge. Ontologies are now central to many applications such as scientific knowledge portals, information management and integration systems, electronic commerce, and semantic web services. The Protege platform supports two main ways of modeling ontologies: * The Protege-Frames editor enables users to build and populate ontologies that are frame-based, in accordance with the Open Knowledge Base Connectivity protocol (OKBC). In this model, an ontology consists of a set of classes organized in a subsumption hierarchy to represent a domain's salient concepts, a set of slots associated to classes to describe their properties and relationships, and a set of instances of those classes - individual exemplars of the concepts that hold specific values for their properties. * The Protege-OWL editor enables users to build ontologies for the Semantic Web, in particular in the W3C's Web Ontology Language (OWL). An OWL ontology may include descriptions of classes, properties and their instances. Given such an ontology, the OWL formal semantics specifies how to derive its logical consequences, i.e. facts not literally present in the ontology, but entailed by the semantics. These entailments may be based on a single document or multiple distributed documents that have been combined using defined OWL mechanisms (see the OWL Web Ontology Language Guide). Protege is based on Java, is extensible, and provides a plug-and-play environment that makes it a flexible base for rapid prototyping and application development.
View all literature mentionsOntology of phenotypic qualities, intended for use in a number of applications, primarily defining composite phenotypes and phenotype annotation. The new PATO differs from the old in that the system of attributes and values has been abandoned in favor of a single hierarchy of qualities. PATO is designed to be used in conjunction with ontologies of quality-bearing entities. An example of such an entity is an insect eye (taken from the fly_anatomy ontology), which could be the bearer of the quality ''red'' (PATO:0000322). This combination is the red eye phenotype. We say that the phenotype term is ''post-coordinated'', as it is formed by coordinating two terms together. This is in contrast to ontologies of pre-coordinated phenotypes, such as the Mammalian Phenotype (MP) ontology. PATO is independent of any exchange format or database schema. One way of expressing phenotype annotation using PATO is pheno-syntax, or pheno-xml. They will also post recommendations for representing phenotypes using OWL. All representations share the same basic formal underpinnings, a combination of quality-bearing entity and a quality (the EQ model).
View all literature mentionsWeb-based linked data server and browser specifically designed for ontology terms, it supports ontology visualization, query, and development. Ontobee provides a web interface for displaying the details and hierarchy of a specific ontology term. Meanwhile, Ontobee provides a RDF source code for the particular web page, which supports remote query of the ontology term and the Semantic Web. Ontobee provides an efficient and publicly available method to promote ontology sharing, interoperability, and data integration.
View all literature mentionsAn integrated cross-species anatomy ontology representing a variety of entities classified according to traditional anatomical criteria such as structure, function and developmental lineage. The ontology includes comprehensive relationships to taxon-specific anatomical ontologies, allowing integration of functional, phenotype and expression data. Uberon consists of over 10000 classes (March 2014) representing structures that are shared across a variety of metazoans. The majority of these classes are chordate specific, and there is large bias towards model organisms and human.
View all literature mentionsThe SciCrunch Infrastructure was developed as a cooperative data platform to be used by diverse communities in making data more FAIR.
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