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Dynorphin inhibits basal forebrain cholinergic neurons by pre- and postsynaptic mechanisms.

The Journal of physiology | 2016

The basal forebrain is an important component of the ascending arousal system and may be a key site through which the orexin neurons promote arousal. It has long been known that orexin-A and -B excite basal forebrain cholinergic neurons, but orexin-producing neurons also make the inhibitory peptide dynorphin. Using whole-cell recordings in brain slices, we found that dynorphin-A directly inhibits basal forebrain cholinergic neurons via κ-opioid receptors, and decreases afferent excitatory synaptic input to these neurons. While the effects of dynorphin-A and orexin-A desensitize over multiple applications, co-application of dynorphin-A and orexin-A produces a sustained response that reverses depending on the membrane potential of basal forebrain cholinergic neurons. At -40 mV the net effect of the co-application is inhibition by dynorphin-A, whereas at -70 mV the excitatory response to orexin-A prevails.

Pubmed ID: 26613645 RIS Download

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DK089044
  • Agency: NHLBI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P01HL095491
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 NS091126
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01NS091126
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DK075632
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 NS061863
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R21 NS082854
  • Agency: NHLBI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P01 HL095491
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R21NS082854
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DK096010
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01NS061863
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 DK057521

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AxioVision Imaging System (tool)

RRID:SCR_002677

Digital image processing system where microscope settings and processing steps may be adjusted in single user interface. Can acquire images from variety of cameras. Includes software package for capturing, archiving and preparing images for publication. Allows users to visualize and present images in several dimensions. Functionality of imaging toolbox expands constantly with wide range of different modules that are tailored to specific applications or microscope accessories. This resource is duplicated by SCR_018376

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OlyVIA (tool)

RRID:SCR_016167

Virtual Slide Microscope Software by Olympus. This software will be read the data captured by VS120/cellSens. Images saved with VSI or Multi-Tiff file format can be read.

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