Subtelomeric regions of the genome are notable for high rates of sequence evolution and rapid gene turnover. Evidence of subtelomeric evolution has relied heavily on comparisons of historical evolutionary patterns to infer trends and frequencies of these events. Here, we describe evolution of the subtelomeric TLO gene family in Candida albicans during laboratory passaging for over 4000 generations. C. albicans is a commensal and opportunistic pathogen of humans and the TLO gene family encodes a subunit of the Mediator complex that regulates transcription and affects a range of virulence factors. We identified 16 distinct subtelomeric recombination events that altered the TLO repertoire. Ectopic recombination between subtelomeres on different chromosome ends occurred approximately once per 5000 generations and was often followed by loss of heterozygosity, resulting in the complete loss of one TLO gene sequence with expansion of another. In one case, recombination within TLO genes produced a novel TLO gene sequence. TLO copy number changes were biased, with some TLOs preferentially being copied to novel chromosome arms and other TLO genes being frequently lost. The majority of these nonreciprocal recombination events occurred either within the 3' end of the TLO coding sequence or within a conserved 50-bp sequence element centromere-proximal to TLO coding sequence. Thus, subtelomeric recombination is a rapid mechanism of generating genotypic diversity through alterations in the number and sequence of related gene family members.
Pubmed ID: 25956943 RIS Download
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Database of genetic and molecular biological information about Candida albicans. Contains information about genes and proteins, descriptions and classifications of their biological roles, molecular functions, and subcellular localizations, gene, protein, and chromosome sequence information, tools for analysis and comparison of sequences and links to literature information. Each CGD gene or open reading frame has an individual Locus Page. Genetic loci that are not tied to DNA sequence also have Locus Pages. Provides Gene Ontology, GO, to all its users. Three ontologies that comprise GO (Molecular Function, Cellular Component, and Biological Process) are used by multiple databases to annotate gene products, so that this common vocabulary can be used to compare gene products across species. Development of ontologies is ongoing in order to incorporate new information. Data submissions are welcome.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for Next-Generation DNA sequencing, Sanger DNA analysis, and RNA sequencing. It contains sequence analysis tools which include reference-guided alignments, de novo assembly, variant calling, and SNP analyses. It has integrated the Cufflinks suite for in-depth transcript analysis and differential gene expression of RNA-Seq data.
View all literature mentionsMultiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity.Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Data analysis service for multiple sequence comparison by log- expectation.
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