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Demyelination causes adult CNS progenitors to revert to an immature state and express immune cues that support their migration.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience | 2015

The declining efficiency of myelin regeneration in individuals with multiple sclerosis has stimulated a search for ways by which it might be therapeutically enhanced. Here we have used gene expression profiling on purified murine oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), the remyelinating cells of the adult CNS, to obtain a comprehensive picture of how they become activated after demyelination and how this enables them to contribute to remyelination. We find that adult OPCs have a transcriptome more similar to that of oligodendrocytes than to neonatal OPCs, but revert to a neonatal-like transcriptome when activated. Part of the activation response involves increased expression of two genes of the innate immune system, IL1β and CCL2, which enhance the mobilization of OPCs. Our results add a new dimension to the role of the innate immune system in CNS regeneration, revealing how OPCs themselves contribute to the postinjury inflammatory milieu by producing cytokines that directly enhance their repopulation of areas of demyelination and hence their ability to contribute to remyelination.

Pubmed ID: 25568099 RIS Download

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (tool)

RRID:SCR_007303

Functional genomics data repository supporting MIAME-compliant data submissions. Includes microarray-based experiments measuring the abundance of mRNA, genomic DNA, and protein molecules, as well as non-array-based technologies such as serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and mass spectrometry proteomic technology. Array- and sequence-based data are accepted. Collection of curated gene expression DataSets, as well as original Series and Platform records. The database can be searched using keywords, organism, DataSet type and authors. DataSet records contain additional resources including cluster tools and differential expression queries.

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CD140a (antibody)

RRID:AB_2307390

This monoclonal targets CD140a/PDGFRa

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Anti-Myelin Basic Protein (antibody)

RRID:AB_2140366

This polyclonal targets Mbp

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Mouse IgM-PE (antibody)

RRID:AB_871723

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B6.129S4-Pdgfratm11(EGFP)Sor/J (organism)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:007669

Mus musculus with name B6.129S4-Pdgfratm11(EGFP)Sor/J from IMSR.

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GOrilla: Gene Ontology Enrichment Analysis and Visualization Tool (service resource)

RRID:SCR_006848

A tool for identifying and visualizing enriched GO terms in ranked lists of genes. It can be run in one of two modes: * Searching for enriched GO terms that appear densely at the top of a ranked list of genes or * Searching for enriched GO terms in a target list of genes compared to a background list of genes.

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Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (data repository)

RRID:SCR_005012

Functional genomics data repository supporting MIAME-compliant data submissions. Includes microarray-based experiments measuring the abundance of mRNA, genomic DNA, and protein molecules, as well as non-array-based technologies such as serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) and mass spectrometry proteomic technology. Array- and sequence-based data are accepted. Collection of curated gene expression DataSets, as well as original Series and Platform records. The database can be searched using keywords, organism, DataSet type and authors. DataSet records contain additional resources including cluster tools and differential expression queries.

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ImageJ (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003070

Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.

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TM4 Microarray Software Suite - TIGR MultiExperiment Viewer (software toolkit)

RRID:SCR_001915

A desktop application for the analysis, visualization and data-mining of large-scale genomic data. It is a versatile microarray tool, incorporating sophisticated algorithms for clustering, visualization, classification, statistical analysis and biological theme discovery. MeV generates informative and interrelated displays of expression and annotation data from single or multiple experiments. A huge array of alrogithms are included in MeV modules, and are available at a button-click, such as K-means clustering, Hierarchical clustering, t-Tests, Significance Analysis of Microarrays, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis, and EASE. Extensive documentation is available for helping new users get started with MeV. A Quickstart Guide provides the tutorial a brand new person will need to get their first dataset loaded and displayed in the program. Returning MEV users will want to check out the release notes to see what new features are available in the latest versions of the program. Tutorials have been written about several of its more involved features.

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R Manuals (data or information resource)

RRID:SCR_000036

Manuals for R created on Debian Linux that can be downloaded as PDF files, EPUB files (for R-devel and R-patched), or directly browsed as HTML. They may differ from the manuals for Mac or Windows on platform-specific pages, but most parts will be identical for all platforms.

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B6.129S4-Pdgfratm11(EGFP)Sor/J (organism)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:007669

Mus musculus with name B6.129S4-Pdgfratm11(EGFP)Sor/J from IMSR.

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