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Rapid neurogenesis through transcriptional activation in human stem cells.

Molecular systems biology | 2014

Advances in cellular reprogramming and stem cell differentiation now enable ex vivo studies of human neuronal differentiation. However, it remains challenging to elucidate the underlying regulatory programs because differentiation protocols are laborious and often result in low neuron yields. Here, we overexpressed two Neurogenin transcription factors in human-induced pluripotent stem cells and obtained neurons with bipolar morphology in 4 days, at greater than 90% purity. The high purity enabled mRNA and microRNA expression profiling during neurogenesis, thus revealing the genetic programs involved in the rapid transition from stem cell to neuron. The resulting cells exhibited transcriptional, morphological and functional signatures of differentiated neurons, with greatest transcriptional similarity to prenatal human brain samples. Our analysis revealed a network of key transcription factors and microRNAs that promoted loss of pluripotency and rapid neurogenesis via progenitor states. Perturbations of key transcription factors affected homogeneity and phenotypic properties of the resulting neurons, suggesting that a systems-level view of the molecular biology of differentiation may guide subsequent manipulation of human stem cells to rapidly obtain diverse neuronal types.

Pubmed ID: 25403753 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P50 HG005550
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 AG000222
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 CA173712
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P50 HG0939511
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: RF1 AG048056
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P50 HG0540879

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