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We describe a computational method that infers tumor purity and malignant cell ploidy directly from analysis of somatic DNA alterations. The method, named ABSOLUTE, can detect subclonal heterogeneity and somatic homozygosity, and it can calculate statistical sensitivity for detection of specific aberrations. We used ABSOLUTE to analyze exome sequencing data from 214 ovarian carcinoma tumor-normal pairs. This analysis identified both pervasive subclonal somatic point-mutations and a small subset of predominantly clonal and homozygous mutations, which were overrepresented in the tumor suppressor genes TP53 and NF1 and in a candidate tumor suppressor gene CDK12. We also used ABSOLUTE to infer absolute allelic copy-number profiles from 3,155 diverse cancer specimens, revealing that genome-doubling events are common in human cancer, likely occur in cells that are already aneuploid, and influence pathways of tumor progression (for example, with recessive inactivation of NF1 being less common after genome doubling). ABSOLUTE will facilitate the design of clinical sequencing studies and studies of cancer genome evolution and intra-tumor heterogeneity.
Pubmed ID: 22544022 RIS Download
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Software to estimate purity / ploidy, and from that compute absolute copy-number and mutation multiplicities. When DNA is extracted from an admixed population of cancer and normal cells, the information on absolute copy number per cancer cell is lost in the mixing. The purpose of ABSOLUTE is to re-extract these data from the mixed DNA population. This process begins by generation of segmented copy number data, which is input to the ABSOLUTE algorithm together with pre-computed models of recurrent cancer karyotypes and, optionally, allelic fraction values for somatic point mutations. The output of ABSOLUTE then provides re-extracted information on the absolute cellular copy number of local DNA segments and, for point mutations, the number of mutated alleles.
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View all literature mentionsCell line HCC38 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
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