Caenorhabditis elegans gene-based phenotype information dates back to the 1970's, beginning with Sydney Brenner and the characterization of behavioral and morphological mutant alleles via classical genetics in order to understand nervous system function. Since then C. elegans has become an important genetic model system for the study of basic biological and biomedical principles, largely through the use of phenotype analysis. Because of the growth of C. elegans as a genetically tractable model organism and the development of large-scale analyses, there has been a significant increase of phenotype data that needs to be managed and made accessible to the research community. To do so, a standardized vocabulary is necessary to integrate phenotype data from diverse sources, permit integration with other data types and render the data in a computable form.
Pubmed ID: 21261995 RIS Download
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Computable knowledge regarding functions of genes and gene products. GO resources include biomedical ontologies that cover molecular domains of all life forms as well as extensive compilations of gene product annotations to these ontologies that provide largely species-neutral, comprehensive statements about what gene products do. Used to standardize representation of gene and gene product attributes across species and databases.
View all literature mentionsAnatomical atlas about structural anatomy of Caenorhabditis elegans. Provides simple interface allowing user to easily navigate through every anatomical structure of worm. Contains set of images which can be sorted by different characteristics: sex, genotype, age, body portion or tissue type. Includes links to other major worm websites and databases. Application for viewing and downloading thousands of unpublished electron micrographs and associated data. These images have been generated by several labs in the C. elegans community, including the MRC, the Hall lab (Center for C. elegans Anatomy), and the Culotti and Riddle labs.
View all literature mentionsCentral data repository for nematode biology including complete genomic sequence, gene predictions and orthology assignments from range of related nematodes.Data concerning genetics, genomics and biology of C. elegans and related nematodes. Derived from initial ACeDB database of C. elegans genetic and sequence information, WormBase includes genomic, anatomical and functional information of C. elegans, other Caenorhabditis species and other nematodes. Maintains public FTP site where researchers can find many commonly requested files and datasets, WormBase software and prepackaged databases.
View all literature mentionsDatabase of Drosophila genetic and genomic information with information about stock collections and fly genetic tools. Gene Ontology (GO) terms are used to describe three attributes of wild-type gene products: their molecular function, the biological processes in which they play a role, and their subcellular location. Additionally, FlyBase accepts data submissions. FlyBase can be searched for genes, alleles, aberrations and other genetic objects, phenotypes, sequences, stocks, images and movies, controlled terms, and Drosophila researchers using the tools available from the "Tools" drop-down menu in the Navigation bar.
View all literature mentionsWormBook is a comprehensive, open-access collection of original, peer-reviewed chapters covering topics related to the biology of Caenorhabditis elegans and other nematodes. Wormbook also contains WormMethods, a collection of protocols for nematode researchers, and the Worm Breeder''s Gazette, an informal, non-refereed, biannual newsletter for the interchange of ideas and information related to C. elegans and other nematodes. WormBook is the online text companion to WormBase, the C. elegans model organism database. WormBook contains original reviews on all aspects of C. elegans biology and up-to-date descriptions of technical procedures used to study this animal. WormBook Sections: *Genetics and genomics *Molecular biology *Biochemistry *Cell biology *Developmental control *Post-embryonic development *Sex determination *The germ line *Signal transduction *Neurobiology and behavior *Evolution and ecology *Disease models and drug discovery
View all literature mentionsAn information extracting and processing package for biological literature that can be used online or installed locally via a downloadable software package, http://www.textpresso.org/downloads.html Textpresso's two major elements are (1) access to full text, so that entire articles can be searched, and (2) introduction of categories of biological concepts and classes that relate two objects (e.g., association, regulation, etc.) or describe one (e.g., methods, etc). A search engine enables the user to search for one or a combination of these categories and/or keywords within an entire literature. The Textpresso project serves the biological and biomedical research community by providing: * Full text literature searches of model organism research and subject-specific articles at individual sites. Major elements of these search engines are (1) access to full text, so that the entire content of articles can be searched, and (2) search capabilities using categories of biological concepts and classes that relate two objects (e.g., association, regulation, etc.) or identify one (e.g., cell, gene, allele, etc). The search engines are flexible, enabling users to query the entire literature using keywords, one or more categories or a combination of keywords and categories. * Text classification and mining of biomedical literature for database curation. They help database curators to identify and extract biological entities and facts from the full text of research articles. Examples of entity identification and extraction include new allele and gene names and human disease gene orthologs; examples of fact identification and extraction include sentence retrieval for curating gene-gene regulation, Gene Ontology (GO) cellular components and GO molecular function annotations. In addition they classify papers according to curation needs. They employ a variety of methods such as hidden Markov models, support vector machines, conditional random fields and pattern matches. Our collaborators include WormBase, FlyBase, SGD, TAIR, dictyBase and the Neuroscience Information Framework. They are looking forward to collaborating with more model organism databases and projects. * Linking biological entities in PDF and online journal articles to online databases. They have established a journal article mark-up pipeline that links select content of Genetics journal articles to model organism databases such as WormBase and SGD. The entity markup pipeline links over nine classes of objects including genes, proteins, alleles, phenotypes, and anatomical terms to the appropriate page at each database. The first article published with online and PDF-embedded hyperlinks to WormBase appeared in the September 2009 issue of Genetics. As of January 2011, we have processed around 70 articles, to be continued indefinitely. Extension of this pipeline to other journals and model organism databases is planned. Textpresso is useful as a search engine for researchers as well as a curation tool. It was developed as a part of WormBase and is used extensively by C. elegans curators. Textpresso has currently been implemented for 24 different literatures, among them Neuroscience, and can readily be extended to other corpora of text.
View all literature mentionsCommunity model organism database for laboratory mouse and authoritative source for phenotype and functional annotations of mouse genes. MGD includes complete catalog of mouse genes and genome features with integrated access to genetic, genomic and phenotypic information, all serving to further the use of the mouse as a model system for studying human biology and disease. MGD is a major component of the Mouse Genome Informatics.Contains standardized descriptions of mouse phenotypes, associations between mouse models and human genetic diseases, extensive integration of DNA and protein sequence data, normalized representation of genome and genome variant information. Data are obtained and integrated via manual curation of the biomedical literature, direct contributions from individual investigators and downloads from major informatics resource centers. MGD collaborates with the bioinformatics community on the development and use of biomedical ontologies such as the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Mammalian Phenotype (MP) Ontology.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on April 23, 2014. Ontology that defines core relations used in all OBO ontologies. Obsolete. Replaced with RO.
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