Despite enormous efforts to combat malaria the disease still afflicts up to half a billion people each year of which more than one million die. Currently no approved vaccine is available and resistances to antimalarials are widely spread. Hence, new antimalarial drugs are urgently needed.
Pubmed ID: 20807400 RIS Download
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A collection of Pathway/Genome Databases which describes the genome and metabolic pathways of a single organism. The BioCyc collection of Pathway/Genome Databases (PGDBs) provides an electronic reference source on the genomes and metabolic pathways of sequenced organisms. BioCyc PGDBs are generated by software that predicts the metabolic pathway complements of completely sequenced organisms from their genome sequences. They also include the results of a number of other computational inference procedures applied to these genomes, including predictions of which genes code for missing enzymes in metabolic pathways, and predicted operons. The BioCyc Web site provides a suite of software tools for database searching and visualization, for omics data analysis, and for comparative genomics and comparative pathway questions. The databases within the BioCyc collection are organized into tiers according to the amount of manual review and updating they have received. Tier 1 PGDBs have been created through intensive manual efforts, and receive continuous updating. Tier 2 PGDBs were computationally generated by the PathoLogic program, and have undergone moderate amounts of review and updating. Tier 3 PGDBs were computationally generated by the PathoLogic program, and have undergone no review and updating. There are 967 DBs in Tier 3. The downloadable version of BioCyc that includes the Pathway Tools software provides more speed and power than the BioCyc Web site.
View all literature mentionsMain database of functional biochemical and molecular enzyme data that provides access to seven interconnected databases. It contains 2.7 million manually annotated data on enzyme occurrence, function, kinetics and molecular properties. The majority of the data are manually extracted from the primary literature. Each entry is connected to a reference and the source organism. Enzyme ligands are stored with their structures and can be accessed via their names, synonyms or via a structure search. FRENDA (Full Reference ENzyme DAta) and AMENDA (Automatic Mining of ENzyme DAta) are based on text mining methods and represent a complete survey of PubMed abstracts with information on enzymes in different organisms, tissues or organelles. The supplemental database DRENDA provides more than 910 000 new EC number-disease relations in more than 510 000 references from automatic search and a classification of enzyme-disease-related information. KENDA (Kinetic ENzyme DAta), a new amendment extracts and displays kinetic values from PubMed abstracts. The integration of the EnzymeDetector offers an automatic comparison, evaluation and prediction of enzyme function annotations for prokaryotic genomes. The biochemical reaction database BKM-react contains non-redundant enzyme-catalyzed and spontaneous reactions and was developed to facilitate and accelerate the construction of biochemical models. The content covers information on function, structure, occurrence, preparation and application of enzymes as well as properties of mutants and engineered variants. BRENDA provides viewing options such as the display of the statistics of functional parameters and the 3D view of protein sequence and structure features. Furthermore a ligand summary shows comprehensive information on the BRENDA ligands. The enzymes are linked to their respective pathways and can be viewed in pathway maps. The disease text mining part is strongly enhanced. It is possible to submit new, not yet classified enzymes to BRENDA, which then are reviewed and classified by the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. A new SBML output format of BRENDA kinetic data allows the construction of organism-specific metabolic models. The enzymes are classified according to the Enzyme Commission list of enzymes. Some 5000 different enzymes are covered. Frequently enzymes with very different properties are included under the same EC number. Although they intend to give a representative overview on the characteristics and variability of each enzyme the Handbook is not a compendium. The reader will have to go to the primary literature for more detailed information. Naturally it is not possible to cover all the numerous literature references for each enzyme (for some enzymes up to 40000) if the data representation is to be concise as is intended. The data collection is being developed into a metabolic network information system with links to Enzyme expression and regulation information. BRENDA SOAP Webservice is available.
View all literature mentionsCollection of pathways and pathway annotations. The core unit of the Reactome data model is the reaction. Entities (nucleic acids, proteins, complexes and small molecules) participating in reactions form a network of biological interactions and are grouped into pathways (signaling, innate and acquired immune function, transcriptional regulation, translation, apoptosis and classical intermediary metabolism) . Provides website to navigate pathway knowledge and a suite of data analysis tools to support the pathway-based analysis of complex experimental and computational data sets.
View all literature mentionsCurated, relational database containing sequence, classification, structural, functional and evolutionary information about transport systems from variety of living organisms based on IUBMB-approved transporter classification (TC) system. Descriptions, TC numbers, and examples of over 600 families of transport proteins are provided. TC system is analogous to Enzyme Commission (EC) system for classification of enzymes, except that it incorporates both functional and phylogenetic information. TCDB users may submit their own sequenced proteins and descriptions for inclusion into database. The software tools used are all freely available for download. These programs are used for analysis of Protein and DNA sequences. Programs require UNIX server to run.
View all literature mentionsData set of metabolic pathways for the malaria parasite based on the present knowledge of parasite biochemistry and on pathways known to occur in other unicellular eukaryotes. This site extracted the pertinent information from the universal sites and presented them in an educative and informative format. The site also includes, cell-cell interactions (cytoadherence and rosetting), invasion of the erythrocyte by the parasite and transport functions. It also contains an artistic impression of the ultrastructural morphology of the interaerythrocytic cycle stages and some details about the morphology of mitochondria and the apicoplast. Most pathways are relevant to the erythrocytic phase of the parasite cycle. All maps were checked for the presence of enzyme-coding genes as they are officially annotated in the Plasmodium genome (http://plasmodb.org/). The site is constructed in a hierarchical pattern that permits logical deepening: * Grouped pathways of major chemical components or biological process ** Specific pathways or specific process *** Chemical structures of substrates and products or process **** Names of enzymes and their genes or components of process Each map is linked to other maps thus enabling to verify the origin of a substrate or the fate of a product. Clicking on the EC number that appears next to each enzyme, connects the site to BRENDA, SWISSPROT ExPASy ENZYME, PlasmoDB and to IUBMB reaction scheme. Clicking of the name of a metabolite, connects the site to KEGG thus providing its chemical structure and formula. Next to each enzyme there is a pie that depicts the stage-dependent transcription of the enzyme''s coding gene. The pie is constructed as a clock of the 48 hours of the parasite cycle, where red signifies over-transcription and green, under-transcription. Clicking on the pie links to the DeRisi/UCSF transcriptome database.
View all literature mentionsDatabase for mapping gene expression profiles to pathways and genomes. Repository of microarray gene expression profile data for Synechocystis PCC6803 (syn), Bacillus subtilis (bsu), Escherichia coli W3110 (ecj), Anabaena PCC7120 (ana), and other species contributed by the Japanese research community.
View all literature mentionsCurated collection of human metabolite and human metabolism data which contains records for endogenous metabolites, with each metabolite entry containing detailed chemical, physical, biochemical, concentration, and disease information. This is further supplemented with thousands of NMR and MS spectra collected on purified reference metabolites.
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