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Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) is an important regulator of phosphatidylinositol-(3,4,5,)-trisphosphate signalling, which controls cell growth and differentiation. However, PTEN is also highly expressed in the adult brain, in which it can be found in dendritic spines in hippocampus and other brain regions. Here, we have investigated specific functions of PTEN in the regulation of synaptic function in excitatory hippocampal synapses. We found that NMDA receptor activation triggers a PDZ-dependent association between PTEN and the synaptic scaffolding molecule PSD-95. This association is accompanied by PTEN localization at the postsynaptic density and anchoring within the spine. On the other hand, enhancement of PTEN lipid phosphatase activity is able to drive depression of AMPA receptor-mediated synaptic responses. This activity is specifically required for NMDA receptor-dependent long-term depression (LTD), but not for LTP or metabotropic glutamate receptor-dependent LTD. Therefore, these results reveal PTEN as a regulated signalling molecule at the synapse, which is recruited to the postsynaptic membrane upon NMDA receptor activation, and is required for the modulation of synaptic activity during plasticity.
Pubmed ID: 20628354 RIS Download
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Software suite for electrophysiology data acquisition and analysis by Molecular Devices. Used for the control and recording of voltage clamp, current clamp, and patch clamp experiments. The software suite consists of Clampex 11 Software for data acquisition, AxoScope 11 Software for background recording, Clampfit 11 Software for data analysis, and optional Clampfit Advanced Analysis Module for sophisticated and streamlined analysis.
View all literature mentionsConfocal microscopy can improve conventional fluorescence images by recording fluorescence generated from the focal plane within the sample, while rejecting all other light coming from above or below the focal plane. The efficient point-scan/pinhole-detection confocal optics of the FluoView systems virtually eliminate out of focus light to produce high-contrast images with superb resolution. The FluoView systems are fully integrated workstations that incorporate user-friendly image acquisition and image analysis software with high-resolution confocal optics that require no user alignment. An , Windows-based graphic user interface allows new users to quickly generate images in various scan modes, such as XY, XZ, XT, XYZ, XYT, and XYZT. Standard image formats, including TIFF and AVI, permit easy, direct export of FluoView images to off-line analysis packages. XY scanning is performed with a pair of galvanometric mirrors, yielding a wide scanning range to cover up to a field number of 20. The optical zoom (up to 10x magnification) can be performed by narrowing the scanning range while maintaining the maximum pixel resolution of up to 2048 x 2048 pixels.
View all literature mentionsConfocal microscopy can improve conventional fluorescence images by recording fluorescence generated from the focal plane within the sample, while rejecting all other light coming from above or below the focal plane. The efficient point-scan/pinhole-detection confocal optics of the FluoView systems virtually eliminate out of focus light to produce high-contrast images with superb resolution. The FluoView systems are fully integrated workstations that incorporate user-friendly image acquisition and image analysis software with high-resolution confocal optics that require no user alignment. An , Windows-based graphic user interface allows new users to quickly generate images in various scan modes, such as XY, XZ, XT, XYZ, XYT, and XYZT. Standard image formats, including TIFF and AVI, permit easy, direct export of FluoView images to off-line analysis packages. XY scanning is performed with a pair of galvanometric mirrors, yielding a wide scanning range to cover up to a field number of 20. The optical zoom (up to 10x magnification) can be performed by narrowing the scanning range while maintaining the maximum pixel resolution of up to 2048 x 2048 pixels.
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets PSD-95 MAGUK scaffolding protein
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