Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified multiple risk loci for common obesity (FTO, MC4R, TMEM18, GNPDA2, SH2B1, KCTD15, MTCH2, NEGR1 and PCSK1). Here we extend those studies by examining associations with adiposity and type 2 diabetes in Swedish adults. The nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped in 3885 non-diabetic and 1038 diabetic individuals with available measures of height, weight and body mass index (BMI). Adipose mass and distribution were objectively assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in a sub-group of non-diabetics (n = 2206). In models with adipose mass traits, BMI or obesity as outcomes, the most strongly associated SNP was FTO rs1121980 (P < 0.001). Five other SNPs (SH2B1 rs7498665, MTCH2 rs4752856, MC4R rs17782313, NEGR1 rs2815752 and GNPDA2 rs10938397) were significantly associated with obesity. To summarize the overall genetic burden, a weighted risk score comprising a subset of SNPs was constructed; those in the top quintile of the score were heavier (+2.6 kg) and had more total (+2.4 kg), gynoid (+191 g) and abdominal (+136 g) adipose tissue than those in the lowest quintile (all P < 0.001). The genetic burden score significantly increased diabetes risk, with those in the highest quintile (n = 193/594 cases/controls) being at 1.55-fold (95% CI 1.21-1.99; P < 0.0001) greater risk of type 2 diabetes than those in the lowest quintile (n = 130/655 cases/controls). In summary, we have statistically replicated six of the previously associated obese-risk loci and our results suggest that the weight-inducing effects of these variants are explained largely by increased adipose accumulation.
Pubmed ID: 19164386 RIS Download
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Biomedical and genomic research center located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Nonprofit research organization under the name Broad Institute Inc., and is partners with Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, and the five Harvard teaching hospitals. Dedicated to advance understanding of biology and treatment of human disease to improve human health.
View all literature mentionsA Java based software tool designed to simplify and expedite the process of haplotype analysis by providing a common interface to several tasks relating to such analyses. Haploview currently allows users to examine block structures, generate haplotypes in these blocks, run association tests, and save the data in a number of formats. All functionalities are highly customizable. (entry from Genetic Analysis Software) * LD & haplotype block analysis * haplotype population frequency estimation * single SNP and haplotype association tests * permutation testing for association significance * implementation of Paul de Bakker's Tagger tag SNP selection algorithm. * automatic download of phased genotype data from HapMap * visualization and plotting of PLINK whole genome association results including advanced filtering options Haploview is fully compatible with data dumps from the HapMap project and the Perlegen Genotype Browser. It can analyze thousands of SNPs (tens of thousands in command line mode) in thousands of individuals. Note: Haploview is currently on a development and support freeze. The team is currently looking at a variety of options in order to provide support for the software. Haploview is an open source project hosted by SourceForge. The source can be downloaded at the SourceForge project site.
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